A Study of Anthropometric Profile of Intercollegiate Athletes

Physical education and sports have emerged from a long historical background. It is a process that has taken place and still takes place in various informal and formal ways in very culture. From the time of primitive man to the present, either directly or indirectly, physical activity has played a vital part in the lives of all people. It is clear that the objectives of physical education have changed over the course of history from survival, to satisfy socionationalistic need, and more recently for individual and social betterment, Physical education has progressed in the twentieth century to a point where it is increasingly recognized as an important part of a culture, with several new trends in evidence. Sports hold a prominent place in modern life. Millions of people participate in sports activities, watch and hear about them and spend billions of dollars actually on sports related activities and equipments. This has lead to the competitive element in sports, as now sportsman participate to win and achieve laurels for them as well as for their country contrary to earlier philosophy of participation in sports competition for participation’s sake. Today in the modern competitive sports, every sportsman is in a race to excel and competition has become a fundamental mode of human expression as competitive sports is one of the very important factors by which national and international recognition the very important factors by which national international recognition and prestige is gained. Athletics is the game of performing various types of physical movements and is considered today the most scientific and analytical in nature, it involves attention to every part of the body and the use of all abilities. The movements in athletes work fundamentally basically big muscle movements and they develop gait and graceful, rhythmic acceleration of the body and it is not only impressive but highly beneficial for the cultivation of posture. In athletics, body composition measures are widely used to prescribe desirable body weights, to optimize competitive performance, and to assess the effects of training ((Sinning, 1996). It is generally accepted that a lower relative body fat is desirable for successful competition in most of the sports. This is because additional body fats adds to the weight of the body without contributing to its force production or energy producing capabilities, which means a decrease in relative strength. It is obvious that an increased fat weight will be detrimental in sporting activities where the body is moved against gravity (e.g. high jump, pole vault, volleyball spiking action) or propelled horizontally (e.g. running). In running at any sub maximal speed, the oxygen requirement is increased with any increment in body weight that is, oxygen consumption is increased due to the greater energy demand required to initiative and sustain movement of a larger weight. The measurement of the body (structure) and proportion of body is called anthropology i.e. concerned with the measurement of human body. This kind of measurement are commonly used is associated physical performance with body build.

METHODOLOGY: -

For purpose of the study 60 male intercollegiate athletes of N.C.P.E. Dhoom, Manikpur, Dadri was selected as subjects at random process. The age ranged from 17 to 27 years.

1. Standing height 3. Arm length 4. Leg length 5. Palm length 6. Feet length 7. Shoulder Width 8. Weight

The investigator had a meeting with the athletes in the presence of their respective coaches. The purpose of the study was clearly explained to them so that there was no ambiguity among the subjects regarding the efforts, which they had to put in for the successful completion of the investigation. The data was taken at their respective rooms allotted for accommodation. Moreover, for full cooperation, data was taken when they were not busy and had enough they were not busy and had enough time to space for testing. Necessary instruction was given on to the subjects before the administration of each test.

1. Standing height measurement was recorded up to 1/10th of a centimeter. 2. Setting height measurement was recorded up to 1/10th of a centimeter. 3. Am length was measured with a steel measuring tape and scores was recorded to the 1/10th of a centimeter. 4. Leg length was measured with a steel tape and scores was recorded to the 1/10th of a centimeter. 5. Shoulder width was measured with a steel width was measured with steel tape and score was recorded up to 1/10th of a centimeter. 6. Palm length was measured with a steel tape and scores was recorded up to 1/10th of a centimeter. 7. Feet length was measured with a steel tape and scores was recorded to the 1/10th of a centimeter. 8. Weight was measured by weighing machine and recorded accurately in kilogram. STANDING LENGTH: - It was the maximum height of the individual when standing erect on a horizontal surface with his head and a face in F.H. (Frankfurt horizontal plane) Equipment: - Anthropometric rod Method: - The subject was asked to stand erect, bare footed on a plane horizontal surface against a wall, his heels, back of the shoulders and a head touching the wall. He was requested to stretch the body upward as much as possible without his heels leaving ground. The head and face was checked for its being in F.H. plane. To get it easily the subject was asked to see toward an object in front of his approximately at a height of his eyes, then the investigator adjust the truncheon and infraobitale points in a horizontal line. The anthropometric rod was kept in front of the subject and the cross bar of the anthropometric rod was adjusted so that it’s lower edge. Touches the highest point of the subjects head. Score: - The measurement was recorded up to 1/10th of a centimeter.

Equipment:- Steel measuring tape Method: - The subject was sitting stretch upward with the arms downward hanging position at an angle of 900 the back of the knee was touching the inner edge of the table. Measurement was taken from the vertex point of head to the sitting plane. Subject was asked to look forward & stretch his body upward crushing the hairs is important so that the tape was in contact with the vertex point of the head. Score: - The measurement was recorded up to 1/10th of a centimeter.

Equipment: -

Method: - The subject was asked to stand erect and the measurement was taken from the acromion process at the top centre of the shoulder to the tip of the middle finger. Score: - The measurement was recorded to the 1/10th of a centimeter.

Equipment: - Steel measuring tape. Method: - The subject was asked to stand to erect with feet together. The measurement taken from the outside edge of centre of the foot to the paper edge of the greater trochanter. Score: - The score was recorded to the 1/10th of a centimeter.

Equipment: - Steel measuring tape. Method: - Measured from the tip of the third finger to the base of the thumb. (Most proximal carpal bone) Score: - The measurement was recorded to the 1/10th of a centimeter.

Equipment: - Steel measuring tape. Method: - Measured from the tip of the most distal toe to the most posterior portion of the heel. Score: -

Equipment: - Steel measuring tape. Method: - The subject was asked to stand erect, and the measurement was taken from acromion points of both shoulders. Score: - The measurement was recorded to the 1/10th of a centimeter. Equipment: - Portable weighing machine. Method: - The subject stands erect on the platform of the weighing machine with equal weight on both feet. The portable weighing machine was repeatedly calibrated with the help of an accurate level balance. The zero error of the machine was checked both before asking the subject to selection and after the subjects get down. Score: - The weight was recorded accurate up to 0.5 kg.

To analysis the anthropometric data of intercollegiate athletes on their related anthropometric variables descriptive analysis was applied at 0.05 level of significance.

The findings pertaining to the anthropometric profile of intercollegiate athletes of Noida college of physical education is presented in tabular form. Table 1 reveals that the meant standing height of intercollegiate athletes was 1.67 with standard deviation of 3.09. The mean sitting height of intercollegiate athletes was 87.20 with standard deviation of 6.89. The mean arm length of intercollegiate athletes was 89.52 with standard deviation of 6.34. The mean leg length of intercollegiate athletes was 98.18 with standard deviation of 8.65. The mechanism length of intercollegiate athletes was 20.08 with standard deviation of 3.20. The mean feet length of intercollegiate athletes was 24.09 with standard deviation of 3.50. The mean shoulder width of intercollegiate athletes was 42.20 with standard deviation of 4.13. The man body weight of intercollegiate athletes was 64.38 with standard deviation of 3.20.

CONCLUSION: -

On the basis of findings following conclusion may be drawn: - 1. It was found that average standing height, sitting height, Arm length, Leg length, Palm length, feet length, shoulder width, and weight 1.82,87.02,89.52,1.10,20.08,24.09,42.20 and 64.38 respectively. 2. It was found that average standing height was ranging in between 1.80-1.95 of all athletes . 3. It was found that average, arm length was ranging in between 82.33 to 135.40 of all athletes. 4. It was found that average Leg length was ranging in between 1.05 to 1.25 of all athletes. 5. It was found that average palm length was ranging in between 19.05 to 25.00 of all athletes. 6. It was found that average shoulder width was ranging in between 42.50 to 47.50 of all athletes. anthropometric characteristics.

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