Assessment of Muscular Endurance and Flexibility Between Active and Inactive Male College Students
A Comparative Study
by Dr. Shailesh Kumar Singh*,
- Published in International Journal of Physical Education & Sports Sciences, E-ISSN: 2231-3745
Volume 7, Issue No. 14, Jan 2015, Pages 0 - 0 (0)
Published by: Ignited Minds Journals
ABSTRACT
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the Muscular Endurance andFlexibility between Active and Inactive male college students. Selection of Subjects: The subjects were 30 volunteermale college students. They were 19-23 years old who were assigned into active(n=15) and inactive (n=15) groups. Subjects of the active group participatedcontinuously in ten sessions of physical activity per week from LNIPE,Guwahati, while subjects in inactive group had no specific exercises fromvarious Education colleges. The criteria for participating in the studyincluded having public health and a specific diet, lack of a regular trainingprogram for inactive group, and having a regular training program for theactive group. After selection, purpose and methodology as well as the researchapplications were explained to the subjects. Confidentiality of response wasguaranteed. Methods and Materials: The following Muscular Strengthand Flexibility were selected as variables for the study. The Muscular Endurance was measured by one minute correctCurl- up (Crunch) Abdominal Endurance (in Nos.) and Flexibility was measured byYMCA Adult trunk flexion (Sit and reach) test (in Inches). Statistical Analysis: To Compare Muscular Endurance and Flexibility between Active and Inactivemale College students Mean, Standard Deviation and t-test was used. The Levelof Significance was set at .05 levels. Conclusions: The results of the present study showed significant differences inMuscular Endurance and Flexibility components between Active and Inactive maleCollege students, where Active students were found better than Inactivestudents.
KEYWORD
muscular endurance, flexibility, active, inactive, male college students, physical activity, training program, muscular strength, statistics, research applications
INTRODUCTION:-
Many people are currently not involved in fitness training programs and efforts to promote participation in all forms of physical activity are being developed and implemented. Thus, the need for exercise is evident. Based on the existing evidence concerning assessment of Muscular Endurance and Flexibility between Active and Inactive male college students is the need for guidelines, for making the following recommendations for the exercise training Programme for developing and maintaining fitness, muscular endurance and flexibility in the healthy adult. Fitness is defined as the ability to perform moderate-to-vigorous levels of physical activity without undue fatigue and the capability of maintaining this capacity throughout life. The definition of health-related fitness involves exercise activities that you do in order to try to improve your physical health and stay healthy, particularly in the categories of cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, flexibility, muscular endurance and body composition1. Physical fitness has been defined as “the ability to perform physical work satisfactory”2. Physical fitness is a set of attributes that people have or achieve that relates to the ability to perform physical activity3. In the recent decade, a decline in physical activity among college students has been observed4.
diabetes. Muscular Endurance is the ability to exert a sub maximal force repeatedly over an extended period of time. This component plays a vital role in activities of daily living and quality life. Flexibility often also referred to as joint mobility or suppleness, can be defined as the ability to perform movement with greater range of motion or large amplitude. Tight muscles limit lengthening of the antagonist muscles and thus reduce the range of movement of body segments. Low back pain is one of the most common complaints among the Inactive students. Fitness is needed to carry out on daily routines and be free of disease associated with sedentary life style. In developing physical fitness, individual should participate in activities designed to help them understand the value of fitness that contribute to make to a healthy lifestyle.
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose of this study was to compare the Muscular Endurance and Flexibility between Active and Inactive male college students to find out which of these two categories is fit and healthy in response to tests administered so as one can improve the standard and level of physical fitness in Active and Inactive college students.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The subjects were 30 volunteer Institute students. They were 19-23 years old who were assigned into active (n=15) and inactive (n=15) groups. Subjects of the active group participated continuously in ten sessions of physical activity per week from LNIPE, Guwahati, while subjects in inactive group had no specific exercises from various Education colleges. The criteria for participating in the study included having public health and a specific diet, lack of a regular training program for inactive group, and having a regular training program for the active group. After selection, purpose and methodology as well as the research applications were explained to the subjects. Confidentiality of response was guaranteed.
SELECTION OF VARIABLE AND THEIR CRITERION MEASURES
Table 1 presents the Muscular Endurance and Flexibility which was selected for the present study and was measured6.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
To Compare Muscular Endurance and Flexibility between Active and Inactive College male students Mean, Standard Deviation and t-test was used. The Level of Significance was set at .05 level.
FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS
Mean and standard deviation of Muscular Endurance and Flexibility of Active and Inactive college male students were computed. Its results have been depicted in table 2 and table 3. Table 2- Mean and Standard Deviation of selected Variables of Active College students
Table 2 depicts that the mean and standard deviation values of Muscular Endurance and Flexibility of Active college students. These values were recorded as variable wise, Muscular Endurance 37.5333 and 2.9487 and Flexibility 4.0667, respectively. Table 3- Mean and Standard Deviation of selected Variables of Inactive College students
Dr. Shailesh Kumar Singh
Inactive college students. These values were recorded as variable wise, Muscular Endurance 28.8 and 3.6683 and Flexibility 3.2 and 0.6210, respectively.
Table 4- Comparative analysis of Muscular Endurance of Active and Inactive college students
Table 4 revealed that significant difference was found between the means of Active and Inactive College students in Muscular Endurance, Since the calculated value of t (=7.18646) which was higher than tabulated t .05 (1.701), it may be concluded that the mean of Muscular Endurance of Active College students (ACG) was significantly higher than of the Inactive College students (ICS) at the significance level 0.05.
Figure 1: Graphical Representation of Muscular Endurance of Active and Inactive college students.
Table 5 revealed that significant difference was found between the means of Active and Inactive College students in Flexibility, Since the calculated value of t (=3.2609) which was higher than tabulated t .05 (1.701), it may be concluded that the mean of Flexibility of Active College students (ACG) was significantly higher than of the Inactive College students (ICS) at the significance level 0.05.
Figure 2: Graphical Representation of Flexibility of Active and Inactive college students.
DISCUSSION
Daily exercise will also enhance one’s mental well-being and promote healthy musculoskeletal function throughout life. Although habitual physical activity is an attainable goal on the path to a healthier life, more than half of U.S. adults do not get ≥ 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per day at least 5 days per week7. The results of the present study showed significant differences in Muscular Endurance and Flexibility components between Active and Inactive male College students, where Active students were found better than Inactive students. This might be due to the reason that Active students perform more
Flexibility Components level between Active and Inactive male college students the similar study also done by Md. Dilshad Ahmed on Comparative study of wellbeing, thought control, academic achievement and health related fitness of active and inactive adolescents school students where he was found 12 minutes run and walk, Bent Knee sit ups, Fat weight and lean body weight showed significant difference between the active and inactive adolescent school students. It has been noted that even with the generally decreasing physical demands of modern occupation, the work capacity of ageing workers decreases to a critical level if there is no fitness promoting physic al activities during leisure time. Good physical fitness is therefore an indispensible component of overall wellbeing among the middle aged and elderly9. According to the results of this study, it is suggested that the minimal Physical fitness activity of about 30 minutes or more is carried out in all the Institutions and each student is needed to compulsory participate in different types of physical activity so that their Muscular Endurance and Flexibility is maintained.
REFERENCES
1. Your Dictionary, Retrieved, from http://www.yourdictionary.com/health-related-fitness. 2. Oja Pekka, Tuxworth Bill. (1995). Eurofit for Adults: Assessment of Health- related Fitness. (pp.6). Council of Europe. 3. Morrow, J.,R., Jr. et al. (2011). Measurement and Evaluation in Human Performance (4th ed.). Human Kinetic. 4. American College Health Association. J. Am. Coll. Health 2006, 55, 5-16. 5. Helmrich, S., P., Ragland, D.,R., Leung, R.,W., Paffenbarger, R,.S,. Jr. (1991). Physical activity and reduced occurrence of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. New England Journal of Medicine, 325, 147–52. 6. Rink, J., Hall, J.T., Williams, H., L. (2010). School wide Physical Activity: A Comprehensive Guide to Designing and Conducting Program.(pp.185). Human Kinetics. 7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2007a. U.S. physical activity statistics.http://apps.nccd.cdc.gov/PASurveilla 8. Dilshad Ahmed, (2013). Comparative study of wellbeing, thought control, academic achievement and health related fitness of active and inactive adolescents school students. The International Leisure Review, Issue 2, p136-155. 9. Oja, P.,& Tuxworth, B. (1995) Eurofit for Adults: Assessment of Health- related Fitness. Council of Europe. p6.
