A Comparative Study of Mental Toughness between National Level Kho-Kho and Kabaddi Players
A Comparative Analysis of Mental Toughness in Kho-Kho and Kabaddi Players
by Kiran G. N.*, Dr. R. Srinivasa,
- Published in International Journal of Physical Education & Sports Sciences, E-ISSN: 2231-3745
Volume 11, Issue No. 18, Jan 2017, Pages 7 - 9 (3)
Published by: Ignited Minds Journals
ABSTRACT
The purpose of the present study is to compare the mental toughness between national level Kho-Kho and Kabaddi players. The study was conducted by selected 20 each players, who were represented at Karnataka State team from both Kabaddi and Kho-Kho games. Their age ranging from 18 to 25 years. The subjects were selected from Pionear Kho-Kho Club, B.M.T.C, H.A.L and Vijayanagara Kabaddi Club. Questionnaires were used as a tool to find out the mental toughness. Dr. Alan Goldberg’s questionnaire was selected and used for the study. It was hypothesized that there would be a significant difference between the national level Kho-Kho and Kabaddi players. The‘t’ test is employed to compare the degree of mental toughness between national level Kho-Kho and Kabaddi players. To analyze the score t-test is employed; the level of significance for testing the hypothesis is set at 0.05 level of confidence. There is no a significant difference found between Kho-Kho and Kabaddi players. The Kabaddi players fared better than the Kho-Kho players when mental toughness is considered.
KEYWORD
mental toughness, national level, Kho-Kho players, Kabaddi players, comparison, questionnaires, Dr. Alan Goldberg, hypothesis, t-test, significance
INTRODUCTION
Mental toughness is a huge terminology in the sphere of sports; the role of mental toughness is incredible. It leads to self-belief, self-confidence and makes to enhance the performance. It has the ability to create and maintain positive feelings, in the stage of difficult hinders and dilemma. Success for all the athletes is ―mental toughness‖. The good way of true success and achievement for athletes is mental toughness. The requirement of mental toughness develops mental capacity to excess by running through the pain and discomfort the body and it projects tough and tougher. ―Success is not final and failure is not fatal‖. This proverb has to be cultivated in the minds and practices of all the athletes. According to Coach Pat Connelly ―what is important is working hard to do better than runners done in the past, and better than some other athletes in their next race‖. In present situation most of the players and coaches are updating with the issues of mental toughness performing and designing programs to build mental toughness ability in them. Kho-Kho and Kabaddi are the most popular games in India; it is rich in its nature and spreads the frogmen of rural life. Both the games were originated in India. These games are gaining momentum throughout the rural and urban areas in India. These games are easy to play, costs less expensive and little or no equipment needed. The rule for this game is easy to understand. These games are really thinking and interesting and have the qualities of other major games and at the sometime attract more appeal. Kho-Kho and Kabaddi games also require high level physical fitness and psychological variables.
HYPOTHESIS
It is hypothesized that there would be a significant difference in mental toughness among the National Level Kho-Kho and Kabaddi players.
The main purpose of the study is to compare the mental toughness of the Kho-Kho and Kabaddi players.
METHODOLOGY
The study attempts to compare the mental toughness between Kho-Kho and Kabaddi players. Mental toughness test was conducted on selected 20 each Kho-Kho and Kabaddi players, who were represented at Karnataka state team. The age group of the subjects is ranged between 18 to 25 years. The subjects were selected from Pioneer Kho-Kho Club, B.M.T.C, H.A.L and Vijayanagara Kabaddi Club. These samples were tested with the help of Dr. Alan Goldberg‘s mental toughness questionnaire to find out Psychological variable. The collected data were tabulated for the purpose of analysis. The t-test is used for testing the hypothesis for significance of mean difference in the mental toughness scores of kho-kho and Kabaddi players compared by using the statistical formula. All the statistical calculations were carried out with the help of SPSS windows package.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
Table showing the Mean, Standard Deviation and T-value for mental toughness between Kho-Kho and Kabaddi players.
It is evident from the table and clearly depicts that there is no significant difference in variance for Rebound ability between Kho-Kho and Kabaddi players are 3.30 and 3.85 respectively, the standard deviation is 1.52 and 1.39. The t-test value is 1.089. There is no significance difference between the Kho-Kho and Kabaddi players of Rebound ability, because the t-ratio is less than table value (2.09). Kabaddi players have better Mental Toughness of Rebound ability than the Kho-Kho players. It is evident from the table and clearly portrays that there is no significant difference in variance for Ability to handle pressure between Kho-Kho and Kabaddi players are 3.75 and 4.25 respectively, the standard deviation is 1.33 and 1.01. The t-test value is 1.248. There is no significance difference among Kho-Kho and Kabaddi players of Ability to handle pressure, because the t-ratio is less than table value (2.09). Kabaddi players have better Mental Toughness of Ability to handle pressure than the Kho-Kho players. Concentration between Kho-Kho and Kabaddi players are 3.05 and 3.45 respectively, the standard deviation is 1.19 and 1.31. The t-test value is 0.914. There is no significance difference among Kho-Kho and Kabaddi players of Concentration, because the t-ratio is less than table value (2.09). Kabaddi players have better Mental Toughness of Concentration than the Kho-Kho players. It is evident from the table and clearly defines that there is no significant difference in variance for Confidence between Kho-Kho and Kabaddi players are 4.60 and 4.75 respectively, the standard deviation is 1.09 and 1.11. The t-test value is 0.376. There is no significance difference among Kho-Kho and Kabaddi players of Confidence, because the t-ratio is less than table value (2.09). Kabaddi players have better Mental Toughness of Confidence than the Kho-Kho players. It is evident from the table and clearly depicts that there is no significant difference in variance for Motivation between Kho-Kho and Kabaddi players are 3.30 and 3.45 respectively, the standard deviation is 1.30 and 1.45. The t-test value is 0.429. There is no significance difference among Kho-Kho and Kabaddi players of Motivation, because the t-ratio is less than table value (2.09). Kabaddi players have better Mental Toughness of Motivation than the Kho-Kho players. It can also be observed that there would be no significant difference between the Kho-Kho and Kabaddi players. Hence the stated research hypothesis was rejected and null hypothesis is accepted.
Figure-1 Graph showing the mean value of Mental Ability between Kho-kho and Kabaddi players
CONCLUSION
On the basis of systematic study with all the limitations it is concluded that, there is no significant difference between the Kho-Kho and Kabaddi
Kiran G. N.1* Dr. R. Srinivasa2
Kho-Kho players when mental toughness is considered. The Kabaddi players are mentally tougher than Kho-Kho players. Thus the Kho-Kho players need more psychological training.
RECOMMENDATIONS
With the result of the studies the following recommendations have been made. 1. Every sports person should compulsorily undergo tests for measuring the mental toughness. 2. This study helps us to know the importance of psychological fitness and work towards the development.
BIBLOGRAPHY
Alan Goldberg, Applied Sports Psychology, University Of Connecticut: http://www.competitivedge.com. Alan Goldberg, Applied Sports Psychology. Daljeet Singh And Amandeepkaar, ―A Cross Sectional Analysis Of Mental Toughness Among Female Judokas At Inter College And Intervarsity Level ―International Journal On Health And Sports Sciences, Volume -3, Issue-1, April 2015 (ISSN; 2320-5202) Robert L Isaacson, Mas L Hott and Milton L Blum, Psychology, the Science of Behavior, (Singapore: Harger International Edition), 1965. Sachin Gupta, A Critical Analysis Of Mental Toughness And Will To Win Between Throwers And Jumpers: A Psychological Probe, International Journal Of Behavioral Social And Movement Sciences (ISSN: 2277-7547)Vol. 02, April 2013, Issue02.
Corresponding Author Kiran G. N.*
Research Scholar, University College of Physical Education, Bangalore University, Bangalore
E-Mail – nidhi7rkt@gmail.com