Effects of Callisthenic Training on Selected Physical and Physiological Variables among the Postural Deformities of Engineering Students

Calisthenics is a form of exercise consisting of a variety of movements that exercise large muscle groups, such as running, standing, grasping, pushing, etc. These exercises are often performed rhythmically and with minimal equipment, as bodyweight exercises. They are intended to increase strength, fitness, and flexibility, through movements such as pulling, pushing, bending, jumping, or swinging, using one's body weight for resistance. Calisthenics can provide the benefits of muscular and aerobic conditioning, in addition to improving psychomotor skills such as balance, agility, and coordination. Individuals and groups train to perform advanced calisthenics skills such as muscle-ups, levers, and various freestyle moves such as spins and flips. Sports teams and military units often perform leader-directed group calisthenics as a form of synchronized physical training often including a customized "call and response" routine to increase group cohesion and discipline. Calisthenics is also popular as a component of physical education in primary and secondary schools over much of the globe. In addition to general fitness, callisthenic exercises are often used as baseline physical evaluations for military organizations around the world.

For the purpose of this study, altogether fifty were engineering students with postural deformities chosen on random basis from Anna University, Chennai. Their age group ranges from 18 to 22 years. They were divided into two groups of 25.The Experimental group I would undergo callisthenic training. The second group was assumed as Control group II.Pre – test and post –test would be conducted. Treatment would be given for eight weeks. It would be find out finally the effect of The selected tests were measured by following units for testing:

The following schedule of training was given for the calisthenics training group.

The experimental group was given calisthenics exercises after taking an initial test. After the initial test selected calisthenics exercises were given for six weeks in all days except Sunday. The time of practice was from 7.00A.M to 8.30A.M.The control group were not participating in any of the special training programme. However they were allowed to do their regular official and personal work.

The collected data from pretest and post test were statistically evaluated with dependent t-test to discover obtainable significant development. The level of significance was secured at 0.05 Level of confidence for all the cases.

The effect of calisthenics training on each criterion variables was considered by dependent „t‟ – test on the data achieved for breath holding time, resting pulse rate, flexibility and balance. The pretest and post test means of experimental group and control group have been analyzed and existing in Table I.

The table I, shows that, the obtained „t‟–ratio between the pre and post test means of experimental group were14.34,4.71,8.68,7.58 and control group were 1.11, 1.56,1.06,2.08 respectively. The table value required for significant difference with df 24 at 0.05 level of confidence, was 2.063. Since the obtained t‟ – ratio value of experimental and control group on VO2max, Resting pulse rate, Flexibility and Balance were greater than the table value 2.063, it was concluded that the callisthenic training had significantly improved VO2max, Resting pulse rate, Flexibility and Balance of experimental group. The pre and post test mean value of experimental and control group on VO2max, Resting pulse rate, Flexibility and Balance were graphically represented in the figure 1.

training group cause significant improvement on VO2max, Resting pulse rate, Flexibility and Balance. In the view of control group there was no significant improvement in their physical and physiological variables. The findings of the study corroborate with Yardi N., (2001), Gharote ML. (1990), Sreekumar JP(1968) callisthenic training exercise developed physical and physiological variables.

Improvement of on VO2max, Resting Pulse Rate, Flexibility and Balance was found significantly on experimental group due to the effect of callisthenic training when compared to the control group.

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Ph.D. Research Scholar, Department of Physical Education, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore – 46 Tamil Nadu, India