Effect of visual and auditory perception for the Dribbling and Goal Shooting ofhockey performance in Indore hockey players

The period kinesthesis refers to the potential to pick out bodily motion as nicely as the motion of unique segments of the human body. Kinesthesis is related to the thinking of spatial attitude. it is commonly understood as a lasting and unchanging attribute of wholesome human beings and is viewed to be an extra sense, whose use does no longer require aware participation. An analogy between kinesthetic and sensual appreciation is satirically inclined in the direction of the opinion that the grasp of function and spatial physique actions are a procedure emanating from realized experience. An instance should be the differentiation between scent and style when recalling sensory impressions from the past. A comparable foundation exists in the improvement of stability thru the perfection of a range of types of locomotion in the course of the ontogenetic improvement of a human being (from crawling to balanced walking). By accepting the above arguments, dialogue can be accepted on the adaptive motion of the human being as a system that makes bodily exercise possible, i.e., thru the engagement of person motor skills as nicely as the kinaesthetic transformation of one’s body. Treating kinaesthetic as an adaptive process, managed by way of humans, is essential in grasp the trouble undertaken in this find out about.

A largely suitable definition of an experience would be "A machine that consists of a team of sensory cells kinds that respond to a precise bodily phenomenon, and that corresponds to a precise Group of areas inside the talent the place the indicators are obtained and interpreted." Disputes about the wide variety of senses usually occur around the classification of the range of mobile kinds and their mapping to areas of the brain. Kinaesthetic experience can be increased with exercise and training. Various drills can be developed for improving the kinaesthetic grasp of the hockey players. Drills the use of ball experience is one of the instances of kinaesthetic perception. Practising the abilities blindfolded, the usage of quite a number of auditory alerts and training in low mild or darkish is the range of approaches used in the improvement of kinaesthetic perception.

Hockey, as a sport of stick and ball, dates back to middle-age. Some of the carvings of this sport were found in Ireland and Greece in 1200 and 600 BC respectively. It is assumed that the sport existed some 4000 years ago. However, hockey took its actual form with government organization to recognize the sport. Hence, specific rules of the game were introduced in early 19th century. Countries like England, Germany, Argentina, Spain, India, Malaysia, and Pakistan have international teams and take part in all the annual events organized by International Hockey Federation (FIH) formed in 1924.

Hockey is a recreation that desires a very specific accuracy which is required in their capabilities i.e. hitting, dribbling, passing, scooping, taking pictures etc. Ball and stick actions additionally wish very coordinated actions or we can say that a tactile feeling is critical to operating these abilities accurately. Here comes the understanding which is very a good deal required for a sport like a hockey.

The objective of this study is to analyse the within group improvement in two experimental groups and one control group on the performance of the field hockeyDribbling and  Goal Shooting skill test due to kinaesthetic perception drills.

In this study Descriptive statistics was used for to compare within group difference was analysed using paired’‘t’ test and the difference between experimental and control group was using  the information studying tools spss- 21 software turned into used.

The purpose of this study is to find out to comparative effect of visual and auditory perception Dribbling and Goal Shooting Test drills on the hockey performance. The objective of this study is to analyse the within group improvement in two experimental groups and one control group on the performance of the field hockey  Dribbling and  Goal Shooting Test due to kinaesthetic perception drills.  The study was select  to 14 to 18 years of hockey players of Indore district participating at different levels of achievement and who voluntary opt hockey for their sports period. The study was further defined to the basic skills of Dribbling and Goal Shooting Test, The total number, of subjects forty five (N = 45) subjects from three groups two experimental groups and one control groups were selected for the each group equal subjects fifteen (15) for this study age ranged between 14-18 years players of Hockey comprising from Indore district, who voluntary opt hockey for their sports period. In this study Descriptive statistics was used, the within group difference was analysed using paired’ test and the difference between experimental and control group was analysed the data analysing tools SPSS- 21 software was used. The level of significance was set at 0.05 level.

 Dribbling and Goal Shooting Test

Purpose:  To evaluate the ability of dribbling and goal shooting skill in Hockey.

Age and Gender:  Male Hockey players of age 14-18 yrs.

Equipment: Hockey stick and balls, Stop-watch, Time, Score-sheet, Ropes, Flags and marked field.

Field Marking: The Hockey play field are marked as shown in the Fig. 2(c). Three shooting angles were marked at 60° to the right and left, and at 90° in the centre. Three 1 yard starting lines were marked 22 yards away from the goal line at another dotted circle four feet inside and parallel to the shooting circle   was drawn on a restricted area for taking the shot into the goal. Five flags were on both the sides and in the centre length wise in a line. The distance between each flag   was four feet. Goal   was divided into three parts with the help of two ropes perpendicular by a horizontal cross bar and two ropes horizontally. The distance between perpendicular inner side of the bar to ropes is four feet from the horizontal rope jointed at mid of the horizontal cross-bar either sides and one rope jointed at the mid of the horizontal rope. The distance between horizontal cross bar inner side to horizontal rope is two feet on either side. The colour of the rope is black, white and blue.

Directions: The player stood at the starting line with a Hockey stick and a ball. With the sound of the whistle the player dribblest either left or right side in a zig-zag manner between the flags. After crossing the last flag he turned to right and came into the shooting circle. In the shooting circle he hit the ball to the different targets as instructed by the instructor.

The time taken by the player to reach from starting point to first parallel line-shooting circle   was noted down.

Scoring: As the all angle shots were given by the players. The ten seconds time   was give to complete each angle shot. The goal shooting ability of the players   was measured in terms of total points scored by him from different goal post points. No point   was given for missing the target or hitting the wrong target. Every player   was given ten opportunities in three trials from each angles and best score of each trial   was counted.

If the ball hit in between two numbers, the higher point value   was awarded to the player.

Additional Pointers :

1.     Practice sessions wasgiven to the players prior to the test.

2.     Before the description of test, the scholar wasexplained the purpose of the present study and procedure of test.     

3.     Before the description of tests sufficient number of trials wasgiven.

Table 1: Pre And Post Test Mean, Standard Deviation, Standard Error, Mean Difference And ‘T’ Ratio For Experimental Group One, Experimental Group Two And Control Groups On Kinaesthetic Perception Drills of Hockey Performance for the (Dribbling and  Goal Shooting Test).

Table; 1 clearly imparts the knowledge that ExperimentalGroup one show significant improvements with the other two groups are Experimental Group two and control groups. And this difference is significant as the required ‘t’ value for significant set at 0.05  is 2.15 and calculated ‘t’  value for  Experimental Group one  is 5.87* for the Dribbling and Goal Shooting Test, Experimental Group one for the calculated’ value is  -5.12* more than the tabulated ‘t’ 2.15  value there was significant difference  between Pre-test and Post Test, and other Experimental Group two  calculated ‘t’ value is  -4.92* more than the tabulated ‘t’ 2.15  value there was significant difference  between Pre-test and Post Test and last group is control group calculated ‘t’  value is -4.01*  more than the tabulated ‘t’ 2.15 value there was significant difference  between Pre-test and Post Test all groups are significant On Kinaesthetic Perception Drills of Hockey Performance for the (16 Yard Hitting) Test.

The graphical representation Figure 1 explained the mean value of both experimental group and control group on Dribbling andGoal Shooting Testwith respect to before and after the Kinaesthetic Perception training.

Figure 1: Mean two experimental groups and one control group for Dribbling and Goal Shooting Test

The reason of these differences can be associated with above results this is probably due to the different nature of the physical components training and pre-requisite for coaches. Number of training and level of participation. The reason may be attributed that the physically trained Coaches or level of athletes achievements and taken deferent types nutrition food. These results may be due to a small sample of size and other factors such as different types of body, differences in body composition. These results may be nutrition diet schedule deference. The reason may be Psychological variables like stress, sports competition anxiety, aggression, fear, motivation confidence, attention concentration etc. the findings of present study is supported by the study conducted by Abbas PourhosseinGilakjani (2011) “The Effect of Visual, Auditory, and Kinaesthetic Learning Styles on Language Teaching” , Ahmed Abdul Allah El Roby (2010) “The Effect of a Tae Bo Exercise Program on Physical Fitnessand Some Kinesthetic Perceptions for University Level Basketball Players in Egypt” , Ahmed Abdul Allah El Roby, (2010) “The Effect Of A Tae Bo Exercise  Program On Physical Fitness And Some Kinesthetic Perceptions For University Level Basketball Players In Egypt” , BindiyaRawat and Deepak Bangari (2019)“Association of impulsive behavior with motor ability, motor educability and kinesthetic perception among players of individual, team and combat sports.

According to objectives of the study the following conclusions were drawn:

There was significance Mean effects of two experimental and one control groups Dribbling and Goal Shooting Test of kinaesthetic perception drills of hockey performance.