International Journal of Physical Education & Sports Sciences
IJOPESS is started with the mission to advance the common goals and discrete roles of health, physical education, recreation and dance professionals who are committed to improving the quality of life through the movement arts and sciences, sport, and leisure.
To find the effectiveness of foamrolling along with dynamic Stretching vs Hold and relax PNF technique on tight hamstring muscle in young adults
Background: Hamstring tightness is a frequent musculoskeletal problem in young adults usually caused by shortened muscle length or increased stiffness. It can reduce flexibility, restrict the range of motion, and raise the risk of injuries. Stretching techniques such as foam rolling, dynamic stretching, and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) have been widely used to enhance muscle extensibility. Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of foam rolling combined with dynamic stretching versus hold-and-relax PNF stretching in improving hamstring flexibility among young adults. Methods: Thirty participants with hamstring tightness were randomly allocated into two groups (n=15 each). Group 1 did foam rolling and dynamic stretching, while Group 2 had hold-and-relax PNF stretching. Group 1 did foam rolling and dynamic stretching, while Group 2 had hold-and-relax PNF stretching. Interventions were performed five days per week for five weeks. Hamstring flexibility was assessed using the Sit-and-Reach test, and active knee extension (AKE) was measured with a goniometer. Results: Both groups demonstrated significant improvement within their interventions (p<0.005), but Group 2 showed greater gains in flexibility and range of motion compared to Group 1. Conclusion: The hold-and-relax PNF stretching technique was more effective than foam rolling with dynamic stretching in improving hamstring flexibility and range of motion in young adults.
Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Physical Education & Sports Sciences
Role of Artificial Intelligence in Personalized Coaching: A Transformative Approach in Physical Education and Sports
Sports coaching and physical education are witnessing a paradigm shift in the way athletes are trained, monitored, and developed with the introduction of artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence uses real-time analytics, predictive modeling, and automated feedback to provide data-driven, adaptive, and personalized coaching. In addition to analyzing its primary uses, this article discusses the expanding importance of Artificial Intelligence in individualized coaching, implementation issues, and its potential to revolutionize competitive sports and educational systems in the future. The discussion focuses on how artificial intelligence can be a useful supplement to human trainers in terms of enhancing performance and preventing injuries.
Effectiveness of weight loss Supplementation Among Obese Indian Adults: A Pre-Post Comparative Analysis
This study investigated the effectiveness of a novel dietary supplement, INCH LOSS by 5XL Nutrition, in promoting inch loss and improving body composition among obese Indian adults actively engaged in regular gym-based workouts. A pre-test post-test experimental design was employed involving 92 participants aged 25–35 years with a BMI ranging from 30 to 34.9. Participants were divided into three groups: a control group (n=30) that continued exercise without any supplementation, a comparison group (n=31) using existing commercial fat-loss supplements, and an experimental group (n=31) that consumed the INCH LOSS supplement daily for 30 days. Anthropometric and body composition variables BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR), fat percentage, and lean body mass percentage were measured before and after the intervention using a validated portable body composition analyzer and anthropometric tape. Statistical analysis using repeated measures ANOVA and LSD post-hoc tests revealed significant reductions in BMI, WHR, and fat percentage in the INCH LOSS group (p < .05), whereas only modest or insignificant changes were observed in the other groups. While the gain in lean body mass in the INCH LOSS group was not statistically significant, it showed a favorable trend compared to the other groups. The findings suggest that INCH LOSS supplementation is more effective than commonly available supplements and exercise alone in supporting short-term fat loss and inch reduction. This highlights its potential utility as a supportive agent in gym-based obesity management programs for Indian adults.
बुंदेलखंड क्षेत्र में वॉलीबॉल खिलाड़ियों के बीच उपलब्धि प्रेरणा और प्रतिस्पर्धी चिंता पर संरचित योग हस्तक्षेप का प्रभाव
इस अध्ययन में बुंदेलखंड क्षेत्र के वॉलीबॉल खिलाड़ियों की उपलब्धि प्रेरणा और प्रतिस्पर्धी चिंता का परीक्षण किया गया। इस अध्ययन का उद्देश्य सीमित संसाधनों वाले क्षेत्रों पर ध्यान केंद्रित करते हुए, प्रतिस्पर्धी खेलों की मनोवैज्ञानिक मांगों के मद्देनजर मानसिक स्वास्थ्य और प्रदर्शन को बेहतर बनाने के लिए एक व्यापक रणनीति के रूप में योग की जांच करना है। सोलह से पच्चीस वर्ष की आयु के साठ पुरुष और महिला वॉलीबॉल खिलाड़ियों को यादृच्छिक रूप से दो समूहों में से एक में रखा गया: प्रायोगिक समूह और नियंत्रण समूह। योग चिकित्सकों के प्रायोगिक समूह को आसन, प्राणायाम और निर्देशित ध्यान का 12-सप्ताह का नियम दिया गया, जबकि नियंत्रण समूह ने व्यायाम के अपने सामान्य नियम को जारी रखा। प्रतिस्पर्धी चिंता और उपलब्धि प्रेरणा को मापने के लिए मानकीकृत उपकरणों का उपयोग करते हुए, हस्तक्षेप से पहले और बाद में मूल्यांकन किया गया। परिणामों के अनुसार, योग समूह ने प्रेरणा और चिंता में कमी दोनों के मामले में नियंत्रण समूह से बेहतर प्रदर्शन किया। परिणामों के अनुसार, योग में खेल मनोविज्ञान और एथलीट विकास को पूरक करने की क्षमता है।
Correlation Between Gluteal Muscle Strength, Agility, and Power in Recreational Male Football Players : A Pilot Study
Football is a sport that demands speed, agility, power, and quick directional changes, all of which rely on strong lower limb mechanics and muscular support. The gluteus maximus and medius are especially important as they provide hip stability and generate force for sprinting, jumping, and kicking. Weakness in these muscles can reduce movement efficiency and increase injury risk. While their importance has been highlighted in elite players, their role in recreational footballers is less well understood. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between gluteal muscle strength, agility, and lower limb power in male recreational football players. Twenty-five players aged 18–25 years were recruited using purposive sampling. Gluteus maximus and medius strength was assessed with a hand-held dynamometer, agility was tested with the T-test, and power was measured using the single-leg horizontal jump, with all procedures conducted under standardized conditions. The findings revealed strong associations between gluteal strength and performance. Greater gluteus maximus strength correlated with faster agility times (r = –0.844 right, –0.774 left; p < 0.001) and higher power output (r = 0.844 right, 0.796 left; p < 0.001). Similarly, stronger gluteus medius muscles were linked to improved agility (r = –0.793 right, –0.856 left; p < 0.001) and power (r = 0.734 right, 0.793 left; p < 0.001). A strong negative correlation was also observed between agility time and power (r = –0.857; p < 0.001), indicating that players with more explosive power performed better in agility tasks. In conclusion, stronger gluteal muscles were associated with better agility and power in recreational footballers, underlining the importance of incorporating gluteal strengthening into training and rehabilitation programs to optimize performance and reduce injury risk.
Relationship of Foot Diameter in Relation to the Playing Ability of Female Basketball Players
This study investigated the association between female basketball players' anthropometric characteristics and their skill level. Hundred and fifty-two (N=152) female basketball players from the Punjab region who were 18–25 years old and held state-level positions were picked as subjects. One anthropometric measure—foot diameter—was chosen as the study's independent variable. Basketball coaches with the appropriate credentials subjectively analyzed the playing skill, which was considered- the dependent variable and the performance factor. The speed shot shooting test, passing test, control dribbling test, and defensive movement tests are the four dependent variables in this study. Purposive sampling was the method employed for selecting the subjects, who were all female basketball players from the Punjab region who attained state-level positions. The Pearson product-moment correlation was utilized to gauge the link between basketball paying skill and the chosen anthropometric characteristic. According to the results, the independent variable that was selected had a significant connection with the two dependent variables and an insignificant correlation with the other two dependent variables. A degree of confidence of 0.05 was considered appropriate for testing significance in every instance.
Evaluation of the Master’s Training Course and Overall Impact of the PYKKA Scheme for the Master Trainers of the Southern Region of India
This study evaluates the effectiveness of the Master Training Course conducted under the Panchayat Yuva Krida Aur Khel Abhiyan (PYKKA) Scheme for the Southern Region of India, covering the states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu. The training was organized at the PYKKA Resource Centre, Lakshmibai National Institute of Physical Education (LNIPE), Gwalior. The data was collected using a structured questionnaire, which included 18 items focused on various aspects of the training program. Responses were obtained from Master Trainers across the four southern states, and percentage-based analysis was conducted to understand the effectiveness and challenges of the program. The results showed that most trainers found the course content, faculty input, and resource materials to be satisfactory and useful in the field. However, certain limitations were also identified in terms of local-level implementation and follow-up activities. The study concludes that while the PYKKA training program is broadly successful in building capacity among grassroots sports trainers, further improvements are needed for sustained impact.
Impact of Surya Namaskar Practice on Flexibility and BMI of Non-Sporting Students
This study investigates the effect of Surya Namaskar practice on the flexibility and Body Mass Index (BMI) of non-sporting male college students aged 18 to 25 years. A sample of 20 students was selected and engaged in a structured 4-week Surya Namaskar program for 30 minutes daily. Pre- and post-test data were collected using the Sit and Reach Test for flexibility and standard BMI formula for body mass index. Paired t-tests were applied to assess statistical significance. The findings indicate a significant improvement in flexibility (p < 0.001) and a reduction in BMI (p < 0.01). The results suggest that regular practice of Surya Namaskar can be an effective non-pharmacological method to enhance musculoskeletal flexibility and control body weight among non-sporting youth.
Evaluation of the Master’s Training Course and Overall Impact of PYKKA Scheme for the Master Trainers of North Eastern Region
This research paper evaluates the PYKKA Master Training Programme conducted by the PYKKA Resource Centre, Lakshmibai National Institute of Physical Education (LNIPE), Gwalior for the Master Trainers of the North Eastern Region of India. A total of 60 responses were collected from Master Trainers across Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Sikkim, and Tripura. The study used a structured questionnaire of 18 items to assess the training quality, content, delivery, and overall impact. The results show that the training programme was effective and useful for grassroots sports development. Trainers appreciated the content and delivery but also suggested improvements in follow-up support and logistics. The findings highlight the importance of region-specific adjustments for better outcomes.
A Comparative Study of Elderly Practicing Kapalbhati vs. Non-Practicing in Terms of Stress and Sleep Quality
This study aimed to compare stress levels and sleep quality between elderly people who regularly practice Kapalbhati and those who do not. A total of 30 participants, aged 60 to 70 years, were equally divided into two groups: one practicing Kapalbhati and one non-practicing. Two standardized tools were used to measure outcomes — the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) for stress and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for sleep quality. Statistical analysis was done using an independent samples t-test. The results showed that the Kapalbhati group had significantly lower stress and better sleep quality compared to the non-practicing group. This suggests that regular Kapalbhati practice may support mental relaxation and better sleep among the elderly.
The role of Education in Preventing Substance Abuse During Adolescence
Adolescence is an important period which combines rapid physical development, emotional upheaval and social maturation. It is during this time that young people are particularly vulnerable to substance abuse. It is through education that we can help young people to acquire the knowledge, skills and values essential for making informed choices. This paper will examine the varied role of education in preventing substance abuse during adolescence, assured or otherwise indicated by life itself, evidence being offered for multiple interventions such as health education curricula, life skills training and community-based programs. By getting people to realize the consequences of substance abuse and helping them to develop healthy ways of dealing with stress, education acts as a barrier against hazardous activities. Furthermore, the role of schools as a place of early intervention and venue for acting as mediators in peer reciprocity is analysed. The findings show that we must work substance abuse prevention programs into formal education systems and stress the need for cooperation among teachers, parents, and policy makers. This paper emphasizes that education is not only a means of prevention but also the foundation for building up strength, so that young people can lead healthy lives.
Impact of Physical Activity on Mental Health among College-Going Students
This study explores the effect of regular physical activity on mental health among college-going male students. A total of 25 participants, aged 18 to 25, were selected from different colleges in Gwalior. Over a period of six weeks, they participated in a structured physical activity program consisting of jogging, stretching, and aerobic exercises. To assess their mental health, two standard tools—DASS-21 (for Depression, Anxiety, and Stress) and WHO-5 Well-being Index—were used before and after the intervention. The results showed a significant improvement in mental health parameters. Depression, anxiety, and stress levels decreased, while emotional well-being improved. These findings support the importance of including regular physical activity in student routines to promote mental wellness in a simple, accessible, and non-medical way.
एथलेटिक प्रदर्शन और मनोवैज्ञानिक कल्याण को बढ़ाने में योग की भूमिका: प्रतिस्पर्धी खेलों में हस्तक्षेप की समीक्षा
मानसिक और शारीरिक दोनों तरह से प्रतिस्पर्धी खेलों में प्रदर्शन पर इसके कई सकारात्मक प्रभावों के कारण, योग इस क्षेत्र में जल्दी ही एक महत्वपूर्ण एकीकृत अभ्यास बन गया है। बढ़ी हुई लचीलेपन, संतुलन, मांसपेशियों की ताकत और श्वसन दक्षता पर ध्यान केंद्रित करते हुए, यह अध्ययन कई योग-आधारित उपचारों और एथलीटों पर उनके प्रभावों की जांच करता है। नियमित रूप से योग का अभ्यास करने से आप अपनी चिंता के स्तर को कम करके, अपना ध्यान बढ़ाकर और अपनी भावनाओं को स्थिर करके तनावपूर्ण स्थितियों से बेहतर तरीके से निपट सकते हैं। लगातार योग अभ्यास मन-शरीर के संबंध को मजबूत करके स्वास्थ्य को बढ़ावा देता है, जो बदले में उपचार, चोट की रोकथाम और सामान्य कल्याण में मदद करता है। हाल के शोध से पता चला है कि एथलीटों के प्रदर्शन और मानसिक तैयारी को उनके प्रशिक्षण व्यवस्था में योग को शामिल करके बढ़ाया जा सकता है।
Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Physical Education & Sports Sciences
The Impact of Explosive Strength Training on Long Jump and Triple Jump Performance: A Pre-Post Intervention Study
This study investigated the effect of a special explosive strength training plan on the performance and physical capacities of long jump and triple jump athletes. Forty participants underwent pre- and post-training assessments measuring jump distances alongside leg, hand, and abdominal explosive strength. Descriptive statistics revealed marked improvements across all variables following the intervention. Paired t-test analyses confirmed these gains were statistically significant (p < .001) for both jump performance and explosive strength measures. Repeated measures ANOVA further demonstrated significant differences among the types of explosive strength components pre- and post-training (p < .00001), highlighting their distinct contributions to jump performance. The findings emphasize that leg, hand, and abdominal explosiveness each uniquely influence jump outcomes and respond differently to training stimuli. This study underscores the effectiveness of a multifaceted explosive strength regimen in enhancing athletic performance in horizontal jump events. Recommendations include individualized training protocols targeting specific strength deficits and integrating technique work to optimize results. These insights provide valuable guidance for coaches and practitioners aiming to maximize jump performance through evidence-based strength development strategies.
Effect on Sports Performance and Biomechanics on Calcaneal Spur of Athletes
Players are able to master the technical motions with the assistance of sports biomechanics, and coaches are able to recognise and correct any executive flaws that may already be present in their athletes. In order to achieve these goals, scientists and professionals are increasingly looking to technology for aid. This is not just to improve performance, but also to lessen the likelihood of accidents occurring among themselves and other people. In particular, non-invasive methods, such as the LiDAR technology, which is able to analyse the morphology of the spine via the use of a 3D scanning approach, have shown their validity in the monitoring of the athletes' physical condition in order to treat low back pain in sports. A calcaneal spur may be found either at the back of the heel (also known as a dorsal heel spur) or under the sole of the foot (also known as a plantar heel spur). Both of these locations are different from one another. Spurs that are located on the dorsal side of the foot are commonly associated with achilles tendinopathy, while spurs that are located under the sole of the foot are frequently identified as being associated with plantar fasciitis.
कॉलेज के छात्रों में तनाव के स्तर पर योग के प्रभाव का अध्ययन
आधुनिक मनुष्य जीवित रहने के लिए मनुष्य द्वारा बनाई गई दौड़ का प्रतीक है। बिल, बॉस, परिवार और रोजमर्रा की जिंदगी की भागदौड़ के बीच, लोग अधिकतम तनाव में रहते हैं। जैसे कि तनाव का अहसास उतना बुरा नहीं है, पुराना तनाव कई तरह से स्वास्थ्य पर कहर ढाता है। इससे खराब पाचन, वजन में उतार-चढ़ाव, कमजोर प्रतिरक्षा प्रणाली, हृदय संबंधी स्थितियां और भी बहुत कुछ हो सकता है। तनाव को स्वाभाविक रूप से दूर करने का एक तरीका व्यायाम करना है। शोधकर्ताओं के अनुसार, जब योग का अभ्यास किया जाता है, तो सेरोटोनिन जैसे मस्तिष्क में अच्छा महसूस कराने वाले रसायन जारी होते हैं, जो आपको बेहतर मूड में लाते हैं। इसके अलावा, योग मन को शांत करने में मदद करता है, और शरीर को ऊर्जा ब्लॉकों को मुक्त करने का एक आउटलेट देता है जो तनाव को खत्म करने में मदद करता है। तनाव आधुनिक जीवन की गति पहले की तुलना में बहुत तेज है और कई बार हम उन चीजों की लंबी सूची से अभिभूत हो जाते हैं जिन्हें हमें हर दिन करना होता है। तनाव अब हमारे दैनिक जीवन का हिस्सा है और इसका अनुभव हर कोई करता है जो रह रहा है या काम कर रहा है। तनाव को मूल रूप से एक लागू बल या बलों की प्रणाली के रूप में परिभाषित किया जाता है जो शरीर पर दबाव डालता है या उसे विकृत कर देता है। यह आम तौर पर किसी ऐसी चीज़ के कारण होता है जो रोजमर्रा की जिंदगी से अलग होती है, जैसे परीक्षण, पारिवारिक समस्याएं और नौकरी छूटना। आज विद्यार्थियों को कई अलग-अलग कारणों से काफी तनाव रहता है (व्हीलर एट अल. 2007)। ऐसी कई चीजें हैं जो कॉलेज के छात्रों के लिए तनाव का कारण बनती हैं, कॉलेज से संबंधित मुद्दे, रिश्ते और साथियों का दबाव। हालाँकि, सभी तनाव बुरे नहीं होते हैं, तनाव के हल्के रूप कुछ लोगों के लिए अच्छे हो सकते हैं और वांछित लक्ष्यों को पूरा करने के लिए प्रेरक और ऊर्जावान के रूप में कार्य कर सकते हैं। हालाँकि, तनाव उन लोगों के लिए एक हानिकारक अनुभव हो सकता है जो लोग तनाव से अभिभूत हैं, या जो सामाजिक समस्या के कारण काफ़ी लम्बे समय से ग्रस्त हो। तनावपूर्ण स्थिति के दौरान तनाव हार्मोन शिथिल हो जाते हैं,इन हार्मोनों का लंबे समय तक या बार-बार संपर्क हृदय और विशेष रूप से रक्त वाहिकाओं को नुकसान पहुंचा सकता है। योग मन और शरीर की आरामदायक स्थिति को बढ़ावा देता है और तनाव को कम करने में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाने के लिए भी व्यापक रूप से जाना जाता है हार्मोन, हृदय गति कम करना और रक्तचाप कम करना। प्राणायाम, जो साँस लेने के व्यायाम का योगिक नाम है, धीमी, गहरी साँस लेने के लिए प्रोत्साहित करता हैसाँस लेना और मौखिक रूप से योग मंत्रों का उच्चारण करना। धीमी, गहरी सांस लेने की इस विधि से हृदय गति धीमी हो जाती है और अधिक ऑक्सीजन रक्त में प्रवेश करती है। यह बदले में पूरे मन और शरीर में शांति और स्वस्थता उत्पन्न होती है
प्रतिस्पर्धात्मक खेलों में मानसिक कौशल और चिंता प्रबंधन की प्रभावशीलता: एक सैद्धांतिक और अनुप्रयुक्त समीक्षा
यह समीक्षा लेख खेल मनोविज्ञान के क्षेत्र में मानसिक कौशल और प्रतिस्पर्धी चिंता प्रबंधन पर केंद्रित प्रमुख सैद्धांतिक अवधारणाओं और अनुसंधानों का विश्लेषण प्रस्तुत करता है। इसमें यह बताया गया है कि कैसे खिलाड़ी मानसिक प्रशिक्षण तकनीकों—जैसे विज़ुअलाइज़ेशन, आत्म-संवाद, विश्राम तकनीकें—के माध्यम से तनाव और चिंता को नियंत्रित कर सकते हैं। समीक्षा में विभिन्न शोधों की तुलना की गई है ताकि मानसिक कौशल के प्रभाव को बेहतर ढंग से समझा जा सके। यह लेख प्रशिक्षकों, खिलाड़ियों और खेल मनोवैज्ञानिकों के लिए व्यावहारिक दिशानिर्देश प्रदान करता है।
एथलीटों की मनोवैज्ञानिक रूपरेखा: खेल भागीदारी के विभिन्न स्तरों पर एक समीक्षा
यह समीक्षा विभिन्न प्रतिस्पर्धी स्तरों पर एथलीटों के मनोवैज्ञानिक लक्षणों-प्रेरणा, चिंता, आत्मविश्वास और लचीलापन- पर मौजूदा साहित्य की खोज करती है। कई अध्ययनों से पता चलता है कि मनोवैज्ञानिक तैयारी प्रदर्शन में एक निर्णायक कारक है, जो अक्सर कुलीन एथलीटों को उनके कम अनुभवी समकक्षों से अलग करती है। समीक्षा प्रारंभिक मनोवैज्ञानिक कंडीशनिंग की भूमिका और नियमित खेल कार्यक्रमों में मानसिक प्रशिक्षण के एकीकरण पर जोर देती है।
Effect of Static Stretching and Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching on Hamstring Flexibility of Subjunior Students
The benefits of flexibility training for performance enhancement and injury prevention have been extensively documented. The scientific evidence supporting these assertions is still in its early stages because of the myriad of factors that might influence injury and performance. Nevertheless, flexibility exercises remain a staple of most structured exercise regimens. Exercising in a variety of methods might help you become more flexible and looser. Which stretching method is better is still up for discussion. Some of the most common ways to stretch muscles are static stretching, ballistic stretching, and PNF stretching, which stands for proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation. The researchers set out to determine how different types of stretching static and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) impacted hamstring flexibility. 90 randomly named boys aged 14 to 16 studying in classes 8 and 9 of Mary Nilayam English The research was conducted at Pongummood Medium School in Thiruvananthapuram. In this study, participants were required to complete the Sit-and-Reach test to the farthest point using both hands. This test was designed to measure how flexible the hamstring muscles are. The participants were asked to sit and grasp for an object. Additionally, their test scores were used to split them into three equal groups. The experimental groups, which consisted of 30 students each, were split into two groups and given different stretching methods: static stretching and PNF stretching. Thirty people made comprised the Control group, the third and final group. Over the course of six weeks, each experimental group participated in a structured training program that met three times a week for forty minutes each session. Statistical significance was determined by comparing the pre- and post-test scores of the control and experimental groups using a t-test. The F-F-ratio was used to analyse data pertaining to the post-test scores of the control group and the experimental group on hamstring flexibility. Based on the data obtained and the constraints of the study, it was determined that a 6-week flexibility training program improved hamstring muscle flexibility. When comparing the two methods of increasing flexibility in schoolchildren's hamstring muscles, the PNF stretching approach seems to be better.
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation stretching
Copyright (c) 2024 International Journal of Physical Education & Sports Sciences
Eswt Shockwave Therapy: An Efficient Noninvasive Physiotherapy Treatment
ESWT has been shown to be an efficient noninvasive physiotherapy treatment that may be used for the treatment of a wide range of diseases to treat a number of conditions. Nonunion of long bone fractures, plantar fasciitis, calcific Plantar fasciitis of the shoulder, and lateral epicondylitis of the elbow are some of the disorders that fall under this category. The two most common varieties of ESWT that are used are referred to as R-SWT, which stands for radial shockwave treatment, and F-SWT, which refers for focused shockwave therapy. There was a lack of sufficient scientific data that supported the use of R-SWT, which is the reason why the aforementioned guideline did not suggest its utilisation. At the time of the most recent follow-up, the author of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) that was recently published and investigated the efficacy of R-SWT in patients suffering from ALBP came to the conclusion that both groups significantly indicated improvement in all patient-reported outcome measures. This was the conclusion reached by the author of the R-SWT study. This is especially beneficial for patients who have had ESWT. In the realm of alternative treatments, the ability of ESWT to provide pain relief and functional improvement without the need of significant intervention makes it an appealing option to consider.
Copyright (c) 2022 International Journal of Physical Education & Sports Sciences
VO2max Estimation from Up and Down Staircase Running test for College Level Students
Objective: The goal of the study was to create a submaximal exercise test that uses a three-minute up-and down staircase running exercise to estimate VO2 max. Methods:78 male college students, ages 18 to 22, were chosen to serve as test validation subjects. To find their VO2max, the participants finished a treadmill test at the human performance laboratory at LNIPE in Guwahati, India. After a three-minute up-and-down stairway running exercise, the subjects had a one-minute heart rate response. Age in years was noted, and BMI was evaluated. The multiple regression model used the directly measured VO2max data from the treadmill test as the dependent variable, and the number of turns in the 3-minute up-and-down staircase running performance, post-exercise heart rate 1-minute response, BMI, and age in years as the independent variables. Results: Male VO2max (ml/kg/min) was estimated using the multiple regression equation, which produced the following predicted equation: 58.133-.076 (total number of up and down staircase runs) -.031 (HR) -.024 (BMI) -.190 (Age). Adjusted R2 =.025, SEE = 1.21. The predicted VO2 max for the validation group was determined using the predicted equation. The direct method mean VO2 max and the validation group's predicted VO2 max were 43.97 ± 1.23 and 43.99 ±.310, respectively. The directly measured VO2 max and the predicted VO2 max had a.858 coefficient of correlation, which was significant at the 0.01 level. The cross-validation group (N=78) was used to test the predicted equation. The Queen College Step Test was used to measure VO2 max. Age, BMI, post-exercise heart rate, and three minutes of up-and-down staircase running were measured. The cross validation group's mean observed VO2 max was 44.07 ±.229, while their predicted VO2 max was 44.91 ±.250. A highly significant correlation (r = 0.627) between the observed and predicted VO2 max was found at the 0.01 level, confirming the validity and reliability of the predicted equation. Conclusion: In conclusion, a valid and reliable sub-maximum test for determining VO2max in college-level students aged 18 to 22 is a 3-minute up-and-down stair running test.
Medical Devices Using Nanotechnology to Treat Chronic Skin Lesions
When it comes to treating chronic skin lesions, nanotechnology has shown great promise. It provides novel ways to overcome the drawbacks of conventional therapy. Pressure sores and diabetic ulcers are examples of chronic skin disorders that present considerable challenges because of their persistence and resistance to traditional therapies. Precision drug delivery, increased tissue regeneration, and better wound healing are all made possible by nanotechnology through the use of nanoparticles, nanofibers, and nano-coatings. This review delves into the ways that nanotechnology is being used in medical devices intended for skin treatment, including improvements in antimicrobial dressings, medication delivery systems, wound healing materials, and skin graft upgrades. Furthermore, it emphasises how dynamic, on-demand wound care could be revolutionised by responsive nanomaterials and nanobots. Notwithstanding these developments, expanding production and negotiating complicated regulatory environments continue to provide difficulties. The successful application of nanotechnology in healthcare depends on guaranteeing the efficacy and safety of nanomaterials as well as resolving ethical issues with patient consent and long-term impacts. In order to address unmet medical requirements, future research and development must concentrate on regulating standards, discovering novel combinations of nanotechnology, and optimising the properties of nanomaterials. This analysis comes to the conclusion that although nanotechnology has enormous potential to revolutionise the treatment of chronic skin lesions, its complete adoption will necessitate overcoming ethical, legal, and technical obstacles in addition to ongoing cross-disciplinary collaboration and scientific innovation.
Observational Study on the impact of Nursing Department on Emergency Patients
Overcrowding in emergency departments (EDs) hinders the ability of prehospital and hospital systems to provide adequate patient treatment. There was an initiative to shorten the delivery interval and total turnaround time, the amounts of time it takes for patients to go from when emergency medical services arrive to when they are handed over to the emergency department personnel. This research compared the delivery and turnaround times for ambulance-borne patients both before and after paramedics were included in the triage process. It was a retrospective observational study. Between the hours of 12 AM and 12 PM, the research comprised all adult ED patients who were brought in by ambulance. Patients under the age of 21, those transferring directly from an outpatient institution to an inpatient one, and critically ill patients who needed to be seen immediately in the resuscitation section, avoiding the usual triage procedures, were not included. The information was evaluated using two-sample t-tests with an α = 0.05 confidence interval. The delivery interval was 16 minutes before the program was implemented, and it dropped to 14 minutes after the program was implemented. Prior to implementation, the mean turnaround time was 35 minutes and 37 seconds; after implementation, it dropped to 36 minutes and 37 seconds. There was a reduction of 01:50 minutes in the average delivery interval. A 00:40 second increase was seen in the mean turnaround interval. Having a paramedic on staff during emergency department triage reduced delivery interval by 1:50 minutes, but there was no discernible change in ambulance turnaround times.
Impact of Mushroom Consumption on Diabetic Type 2 Patients
The complicated disease known as diabetes mellitus is caused by the body producing insufficient amounts of insulin to regulate blood glucose levels. This illness poses a global health risk and calls for inexpensive, non-adverse medication. Many synthetic hypoglycemia diabetes medicines are ineffective due to side effects. This has caused studies to focus more on medicinal plants and herbs, which are thought to be relatively harmless. There is a kind of phytotherapy that includes edible mushrooms that may be used to treat diabetes. They are abundant in naturally occurring substances such fibers, polysaccharides, phenolics, and alkaloids and have long been recognized for their ability to have antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant, and antidiabetic properties. Dietary supplements and functional foods derived from mushrooms can help treat pre-existing problems and postpone the start of potentially fatal diseases. This is confined to the suppression of intestinal glucosidase and the breakdown of composite polysaccharides by pancreatic amylase, which helps prevent and effectively cure type 2 diabetes. Additionally, the carbohydrates included in mushrooms function as prebiotics and alter the makeup of gut bacteria, which can lower insulin resistance. This paper explores the phathophysiology and complication of diabetes and provides details on the potential antidiabetic properties of several mushroom species. Nevertheless, more investigation is required to completely comprehend the therapeutic applications of mushrooms. Pre-clinical and clinical research, tests for enzyme inhibition, human trials, pilot studies, prospective and retrospective studies, and human trials should all be included in this research.
Review the effect of different intensity training on Aerobic and Anaerobic Efficiency
Male junior Kho-Kho players competing at the state level had their aerobic and anaerobic efficiency tested in this review. Traditional Indian sport Kho-Kho calls on speed, dexterity, and stamina. There has been very little study on the physiological demands of the game, especially for aerobic and anaerobic efficiency, despite its widespread appeal. To fill this knowledge vacuum, this study introduces the 50-Meters Drill as a means of measuring the impact of training at different intensities on players' abilities. The results are expected to add to our knowledge of how various training intensities might improve athletes' performance in this particular sport.
A Study on the effect of different intensity Training on Aerobic Efficiency of Kho Kho Player
The impact of varying training intensities on the aerobic efficiency of junior Kho-Kho players competing at the state level is investigated in this research. In order to examine the effect of high, moderate, and mixed interval training intensities on the players' aerobic capacity (as measured by VO2 Max), the study used a 50-meter drill. Each of the study's experimental groups outperformed the control group in terms of aerobic efficiency, with HIIT demonstrating the greatest increase. Athletes participating in high-intensity sports, such as Kho-Kho, may benefit greatly from intensity-specific training, according to this research.
Discrimination: Experience of Female Athletes
The research investigates gender bias and societal prejudices in addition to the numerous challenges that these athletes face. Inadequate infrastructure and a lack of support are only two of the other challenges that they face. Even though India is growing more prominent in the international sports arena, cultural standards that favor male players tend to be deeply ingrained that have been passed down through generations. This mixed-method study comprised both quantitative surveys and in-depth interviews, and it was conducted with the participation of female athletes from a wide range of sports. According to the findings, systemic biases present themselves in a variety of ways, including the unequal allocation of resources, a lack of visibility, and weakened financial incentives of various kinds. Additionally, the social stigma that is associated with women's engagement in athletics has a severe impact on both the mental health of women and their ability to maintain a competitive career. The findings of this study indicate the necessity of modifying rules and cultural norms in order to establish a sports environment that is more welcoming to all individuals.
Comparative Analysis of Anticipation and Balance Abilities between All India University Cricket and Softball Players
A study was conducted to compare the balance and anticipation abilities of cricket and softball players. The results showed that softball players significantly outperformed cricket players in both areas. The mean balance ability score for softball players was 88.800, compared to 84.000 for cricket players. This difference was statistically significant, as confirmed by a t-test (t = 2.15962, p = .037177). Similarly, softball players had a higher mean anticipation ability score of 0.634 compared to 0.563 for cricket players. This difference was also statistically significant (t = 2.60058, p = .013186). These findings suggest that the nature of softball may foster greater development of balance and anticipation skills compared to cricket. The study's results have implications for training and coaching in both sports. Coaches and trainers can use this information to tailor their programs to improve these specific abilities in cricket players or further enhance them in softball players.
Physiological Parameters with the throwing performance among the Softball Players
The primary purpose of the research is to analyze the relationship between softball players' physiological characteristics and their throwing performance. Philosophy conversations about how to increase performance are of interest to many in the sports world, including coaches, instructors, physicians, psychologists, and players. Softball is a worldwide phenomenon, with fans and players on every continent. When it comes to softball, relatively little study has been done on the many factors that continue to contribute to high performance. There is a lack of written information in the sport of softball, and many various aspects of the game need investigation and analysis. Sporting triumphs are rewarding for the athletes themselves, as well as for their families, communities, and countries. It's possible to lose games while spending a lot of time and energy coaching yourself and your squad. There has been a great deal of study on the factors that contribute to successful softball play and performance.
Analysis of Softball Performance of the Players in Relation to their Anthropometric Profile
Improving one's anticipating and decision-making skills might help one play better in team and fast-ball sports (including tennis, soccer, and softball). One of the traits of expert decision-makers is the ability to recognize increasingly complex signals and draw meaning from those cues. The present investigation is an empirical examination of the correlation between a variety of anthropometric measurements and the efficiency of male softball players. Softball is a worldwide phenomenon, with fans and players all over the world. There hasn't been a lot of study done in the field of softball to delve into the many factors that continue to contribute to success. There is a paucity of published resources pertaining to softball, despite the fact that the sport requires extensive research and analysis in a variety of areas. The study's overarching goal is to analyze the relationships between softball players' anthropometric profiles and physiological characteristics and their pitching performances. Nutritional status may be assessed by looking at patients' skeletons (anthropometry).