Climate Change and Global Warming (Pollutant Emission Control and Environment Protection)

INTRODUCTION

The term pollution can be defined as influence of any substance causing nonsense, harmful effects and uneasiness to the organisms when harmful substance contaminate the environment , it is called pollution. Pollution refers to the very bad condition of environment in terms of quantity and quality.

A pollutant is a substance or energy introduced into the environment that has undesired effects or adversely affects the usefulness of a resource. A pollutant may cause long or short-term damage by changing the growth rate of plant or animal species or human amenities, health or property values.

1. Air, Water and Land Pollution 2. Hazardous chemical waste 3. Land degradation 4. Loss of Biodiversity 5. Loss of Natural and cultural resources 6. Climate change

The emission of any impurity into the air such as smoke, dust solid particles, gases, mist, fumes, odors, and radioactive substances present in the atmosphere in such concentration as may be or tend to injurious to human being or other living creatures or plants or property or environment. Air pollution means the presence in the atmosphere of any air pollutant.

Volcanic eruptions, Forest fires, Pollen grains of flowers Manmade sources:- Deforestation, Vehicles emissions, Rapid industrialization, scientific practices as nuclear explosions, war practices.

• Maintain a healthy distance between the industrial and residential areas. • The chimneys should be made higher in the size, so that the emission must be higher up in the environment. • Plants like pine and ribs need to be planted to metabolize the nitrogen oxides and other pollutants. • The automobiles must be designed with emission control system. • The waste must be removes and recycled in the industrial plants and refineries. • The gasoline must have anti knocking agents. • The mining areas should be planted with trees. • The coal fuel should be replaced with gas fuel to control the air pollution.

Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies as lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater, very often by human activities, it occurs when pollutants are discharged directly or indirectly into the water bodies without enough treatment to get rid of harmful compounds.

Most of water pollution is man made it may also occur naturally by addition of soil particles through inorganic pollutants, thermal pollutant, marine pollutant, agriculture runoff organic pollutants. How to control water pollution: We should control our traditional thinking like as cultural activities and festivals performed on the water bodies. We should aware of agriculture activities such as sediment eroded from agriculture land, fertilizers, pesticides, bacteria from livestock, salt from irrigation.

NOISE POLLUTION:

Noise is unwanted sound; it is a pollutant and a hazard to human health and hearing. Harmful effect of noise pollution: Physiological effects: high blood pressure, Psychological effects: stress, Loss of hearing: Behavioral effects, Health effects: color blindness.

• Planting more trees • Ban on unnecessary blowing of horns • Improvement in silencers • Legal restrictions on noise polluting bodies • By improving road surface • The government should be ensure the new machines are sound proof • Airport, Bus stand etc. must be away from the residential areas.

SOIL POLLUTION:

Soil pollution is the demolition of earth‘s land surface often caused by human activities and their misuse of land resources. It occurs when waste is not disposed properly. Causes of land or soil pollution: • Agriculture runoff, Domestic waste, Industrial waste, Urbanization, Sewage waste, Households garbage, Mining and quarrying make ground water will get affected.

• More and more land should be brought under forest. • Trees should be planted. • Waste matter should be disposed immediately. • Avoid drilling the land for more underground water. • Avoid using more fertilizers and pesticides.

RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION:

Radioactive pollution can be defined as the emission of high energy particles or land due to human activities in the form of radioactive waste.

Swelling of bone joints, cancer, and lung cancer, and skin and bone cancer, eye problem.

Visual pollution is what you would call anything unattractive or visualizing damaging to the nearby landscape. Ex open storage of trash, billboards, space debris, telephone towers, electric wires, building and automobiles are forms of visual pollution. We can save our environment by following these steps: Plant trees/ forest, Reduce junk mail, Conserve water, Use nontoxic cleaning, Go vegetarian, Main to avoid emissions, Recycle electronics material, By using bicycle, Stop smoking, Use biodegradable materials instead of plastic, Never use open fire to dispose of waste, Educate yourself and others, Reduce, Reuse and Recycle.

1. Environment Geography by Savinder Singh 2. NCERT Environment Geography

M.A. Geography, Karnataka State Open University pardeepgoyat81@gmail.com