Study of Demographic Characteristics vis-à-vis Social Status of Households

INTRODUCTION

Umedpura is a medium size village with listed 332 households and a population of 1782 people. The social set up of village as seen in terms of caste background suggests that it is dominated by upper caste, mainly Jat. The village economy is based on agriculture. The details of land use present the economy of this village. Upper & dominant caste group comprises Jat and Brahmin caste in the village. Intermediary caste group comprises the caste of Khati, Sunar, Kamboj etc. and Lower caste group comprises Harizan, Dhanak, Balmiki etc.

To obtain the Economic status, households have been divided on the basis of their occupation. These are landless agricultural laborers, cultivators, service, self-employed and others . The Cultivators are further divided into three sub parts-small farmers < 5 acre, medium farmers 5 to 10 acre and large farmers > 10 acre. Service Comprises the households whose main income comes from service. Self employed includes the households which have their own business. Scope of areas of demographic characteristics: 1. Family Type 2. Sex Ratio 3. Age at Marriage 4. Dependency Ratio 5. Crude Birth Rate & Crude Death Rate Family Type: Family type (i.e nuclear, joint and extended) give indication to changing value of households. Table 2.4 indicates that 64.2% household have nuclear type family and another 33.1% are of joint type family structure. Very low only household have extended structure of family. This shows the changing attitude of people that they like to remain in nuclear family . Sex Ratio: Sex ratio is number of females per thousand males. An attempt has been mode to study (CSR) Child sex ratio (0-6 age) and (TSR) Overall sex ratio of the village i.e 894 females per 1000 males. It shows that village has poor sex ratio. It may be noted that intermediary Caste group has highest TSR which is 914.8 . On the other hand upper dominant caste group is lower TSR (877) . In case of TSR there is not much variations among social caste group but in case of CSR one find that it least (683 females) among lower caste group. Sex ratio vis-à-vis economic status has been presented in table 2.7. This table represents that among small farmer cultivators Age At Marriage: The median age at marriage of the village Umedpura is 17.97 Table 2.7 Shows that 39 females are married in the age group of less than 15 . It may be noted that 315 females are below the legal age because of the ignorance of education of the people of Umedpura village. 305 females are married above 18 age. Depandency Ratio: It is a measure of dependent population. The dependency ratio is equal to the number of individual age below group below 15 and above 60divided by the number of individual aged 15 to 59 and expressed as a percentage. Table 2.8 show that the village has a dependency ratio of 53.5 percent. Caste wise dependency ratio revels that there are variations among different caste group It is highest among lower caste group which is 69 percent and followed by intermediary caste group (49.6%) . Among upper caste group dependency ratio is 42.5%. The high dependency ratio shows the burden on the commercially active population. Crude Birth Rate & Crude Death Rate: The crude birth rate (CBR) and crude death rate (CDR) are statistical values that can be utilized to measure the growth or decline of a population. The crude birth rate is called ―Crude‖ Because it does not take into account age or sex differences among the population . CBR of the village is 22.44 and CDR is 7.29 . The table 2.5 Shows that CBR is very high i.e 25.41in lower caste group and the highest CDR is 8.84 that lies in upper caste group.

65.15 % of total populations is found in the 15-59 age group. Pyramids are used to analyzing age composition. In village Umedpura pyramid has narrow base and also in irregular shape. This may because of poor health facilities in village. Dependency ratio of the village is 53.5% and Lower caste has high Dependency Ratio (68.9%) . The study area has very poor sex ratio (894 females per 1000 males) . In case of Haryana it in 861 which is minimum in our country.

Government of Haryana, (2011)

PGT, Department of Geography mydesire91@gmail.com