Impact of Cloud Computing in the Development of Information Systems for Smes in the Context of Organizational Competitiveness

I. INTRODUCTION

Since past couple years, Cloud Computing (CC) has proved to be a brilliant place where computational solutions can be developed for various areas of knowledge. There were a lot of benefits which derived because of this new computational technique though it also led to numerous barriers. CC was considered to be an answer for the present situation in which the activities like the sharing, acquiring and managing considerable amount of data is actually a thing. The situation can be quite challenging with regards to computing resources which are there as it seems practical to do those activities with acceptable performance.

The idea of computing resources should be managed by infrastructure, services or the development stages with accessibility to internet – it employs, attaches, available and supplier is accountable to make sure about service quality. CC facilitates the firms so they can provide attention to the business and they can have a scalability setting regarding the services and infrastructure that becomes unlimited. Comprehensive study of the cost would not be the aim of this study and it is shown as universally beneficial.

The new perception helps in retreat the situation what used to be in which ownership, management and maintenance of the infrastructure resources were the assets of all the firms. Even if it is broken completely with previous perception, the fundamental business is the only thing which the business must attend to. Because of all this, CC puts forward a number of barriers where first of them is a change in the organizational culture in terms of the ways of handling technological aspect. Security, ownership, legal problems and numerous other problems can seem to be the new barriers for the firms.

the investigation related to it. CC has been described by Cearley (2009) as a concept in which technological skills are flexible and accessible and are offered as a service to end-users through internet [2]. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) described CC as a model that facilitates easy access and on-demand mode, number of configurable computing resources like storage, networks, applications, servers and services) which are obtained rapidly and used with a decreased management effort or communication with service provider[3]. According to Carr (2009), CC comprises numerous network services that offer accessibility, service quality, low-cost computing infrastructure which is accessible normally [4]. Vaquero (2008) it is possible to consider CC as a primary source of virtualized facilities like hardware and software development stage that is accessible and is actively configurable so it can suit properly in various processing loads in which cost model is on the basis of payment by numerous resources employed [5]. Buyya (2008) states that CC is an allocated and equivalent system which comprises of set of virtualized and interlinked computers which are actively handled and presented as one or more combined resources where those resources are offered as the commercial agreement between a service provider and a customer of those services [3]. A theoretical view of CC can be seen in the Figure 1.

Location of resources: Location of resources present on CN might be having an active dimension, the importance and rights related to the location can be set such as country and data center. Questions are usually legal law of every nation and they make location of resources an essential dimension in cloud resource contracting.

There is a three-tier model in state-of-the-art review which can be seen in the Figure 2 IaaS_PaaS_SaaS. All of the layers describe a service model each. Three layers are Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS) and Software as a Service (SaaS). There is a short categorization of every layer below:

Use of CN or particularly the formation of clouds can be under the label of various models. State-of-the-art CN is about the public clouds, hybrid clouds, private clouds, and community clouds. All of them have different features which are categorized and can be seen in the Figure 3.

Cloud infrastructure is exclusive and is used entirely in this model by the company which is the owner of it. Problems which are associated with the access control and the limitations featuring the style can be seen. High cost of formation and maintenance of the clouds over the use of a public cloud are related with the model here. It must be taken into the consideration that largest and most comprehensive control is over the resources which develop cloud. Organization can completely control the configuration alternatives of computing resources and current service in this model.

In the public cloud, cloud can be seen as a mutual resource space for numerous companies which tend to have mutual interests and those mutual interests usually come together for complementing necessities and the security schemes and the factors of flexibility of use. In the public cloud, one

It is hard to put this model into the execution as it is turns up in the practice with the configuration of two clouds where one cloud is focused on the essential procedures of the company and the other cloud is focused on secondary procedures. Therefore, a private domain can be formed where the control security and internal nature is quite high and a domain cloud can be formed over the public nature, or at least less subject to the tight control and more focused in enduring the challenging procedure environments [12]. The solution is a mixture which is hard to accomplish, more particularly due to the fact that it is hard to shack up and interlink those two clouds.

Majority of the SMEs are not the technological organizations by themselves and they are more attentive towards the fundamental business and not much focused in discussing the technological factors of the support information processing and the compute facilities. At the same time, all the modern organizations accept that information is an important enabler of competitiveness and efficiency. The question still stands that if the companies do not have the resources required to obtain latest technology, how can they handle and develop flexibly? According to us, CC has the answer to this problem. With CC, it is easy for SMEs to convert technology infrastructure to a third party which is suitable to the part of entire management, flexibility and growth of infrastructure. For SMEs, it is the idea in which technology is something which would never be completely diminished. There should be someone to manage and be responsible for the operability where that someone should be making adjustments to these resources according to the requirements of the business. There are a lot of considerable issues go face to face with the technological barriers for the companies. There are legal problems regarding the computing resources being physically identified mostly in public cloud, trust problems associated with surety of complex information from the organizations. The laws which are overseeing the particular nation in which the information is headquartered have the duty of making the decisions regarding the dependability of the information. Most of the times, there is a considerable amount of difference between these laws and the laws which are imposed in the home organization that are making use of cloud.

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Research Scholar, Faculty of Commerce and Management, Rama University, Kanpur arpit_mohan89@yahoo.com