Religion: A Belief in Context with Hindutva

Understanding Hindutva: A Historical, Ideological, and Constitutional Perspective

by Dr. Abheyender Singh*, Rishipal Rana,

- Published in Journal of Advances and Scholarly Researches in Allied Education, E-ISSN: 2230-7540

Volume 16, Issue No. 9, Jun 2019, Pages 461 - 466 (6)

Published by: Ignited Minds Journals


ABSTRACT

The word religion originally originates from the Latin word ‘religio’ whose meaning is bond and obligations. On a global historical scene, a precise and definite period of religion has not been told nor has it been found that the who use the word ‘Dharma’ very first time. Due to ideological differences, according to many thinkers the use of word religion came in force in 16 or 17 Century, after the arrival of the Bible. But if seen theoretically, 50000 years BC religious beliefs have been confirmed. As time changed, religious ideas acquired their important place in human life. On the global level, if we talk about religion, America, Britain, Europe, Asia, Latin America, South Africa and Indian subcontinent are found to have many types of religion, and their history is equal to the history of human life. Gradually religious ideas contributed to change in human life. According to the topic the main motive of this research is to elaborate ‘Hindutva’ in India. Indian constitution provides security to every citizen of India about religion. All religions have equal protection in the Indian system, which has been made in the preamble of the Indian Constitution that India will be a secular state. Secularism means that all religions have equal respect in India. No discrimination will be made with people of any religion and the state will not preserve any religion i.e. no particular religion will be encouraged by the state. Many historians describe that India was a Hindu country but after the colonial war in the world many religion came in existence and they are growing in good atmosphere in India. India is the only country in the world where followers of different religions are living together with love and they pay respect to all religions equally. The conspirators have been working from time to time to launch poison in the atmosphere of this country. But with the understanding of the Indian public, everything is ending itself.

KEYWORD

religion, Hindutva, history, ideological differences, religious beliefs, secularism, Indian constitution, colonial war, religious tolerance

INTRODUCTION

Image – 1, Source: Google images (https://www.speakingtree.in/blog/god-bless-you-today-wherever-you) Hinduism was called Sanatan Dharma in ancient times. The basic principles of the religion of Hindus are truth, non-violence, mercy, forgiveness, charity etc. which have eternal significance. Prior to the rise of other major religions, these principles were supplemented. In this way, Hindutva is the basis of all religions in the form of Sanatan Dharma, because various aspects of the universal spiritual truth of all the theological doctrines were already included in it. Perception knowledge, which science has said, is evaluating each object or idea deeply and many beliefs, opinions, beliefs and theories are dashed in this process. Hindutva is not required to be intimidated by the trauma of a scientific approach, because its fundamental principles have a logical basis and eternal effect.Some organizations like Arya Samaj called Hindutva as Arya Dharma and they want Hindus to be called Arya. In fact, the word 'Arya' does not represent any species. It means only the best and the same meaning has been interpreted while explaining the four Arya truths of Buddhism. Thus, the meaning of Arya Dharma is the religion of a noble society or a superior society. According to the ancient history Sanskrit and Pali granths. It is believed that the inhabitants of Parsi (Iran) country called the 'Sindhu' river as 'Hindus' because they used to pronounce 's' for 'sa'. Gradually, they started calling the residents of Indus crossed as Hindus. The word 'Hindu' outside of India is mentioned in 'Avasta'. According to Vinoba ji, the main characteristic of the Hindu is his non-violence. The "OM" whose mantra is, whose firm belief in rebirth, which India has initiated, and who condemns violence, is a Hindu. In the time of Chinese traveler Huanshag, the word Hindu was prevalent. It can be assumed that Hindu word 'indu' is composed of synonyms of moon. Indu is also called 'Into' in China. In Indian astrology, the moon is very important. The amount is determined on the basis of the moon. Dates and festivals are calculated based on the moon's moon. So the people of China started saying Indians 'intu' or 'Hindu'. It is clear from the word 'Hindu' being preceded by the Muslim invasion that this name is not given to the Muslims. Many sages, saints and watchers have arisen in Bharat land. The ideas manifested by them put light on all aspects of life. Sometimes their ideas complement each other and sometimes conflicting ones. Hindutva is an evolving system in which freedom of speech is present. To understand this, we can not depend on any one sage or seer or any other book. There is diversity in thoughts, attitudes and paths, but it is continuous in the same way as the speed of rivers and the ultimate goal of joy and salvation is like the excitement of meeting in the sea. Hindutva is a life pattern or life philosophy, which gives religion, sense, work, salvation as the ultimate goal and gives opportunities to the person or society to moral, physical, mental and spiritual advancement. Hindu society does not worship any one God, there is no follower of any one opinion, and it is not compiled by any one person or compiled in thoughts or beliefs in one book. He does not believe in any philosophical ideology, and does not believe in any kind of religious worship or rituals. He does not satisfy the traditions of a religious or sect. Today, the culture which we know as a Hindu culture, and what people of Indian or Indian origin called Sanatan Dharma or eternal rule, is a great principle from that religion which the people of the West understand. Someone believes in God or does not believe in any god, yet he is a Hindu. This is a life pattern; It is a condition of the brain. Hindutva is a philosophy that satisfies its mental, intellectual and spiritual needs in addition to the material needs of man.

IDEOLOGY OF HINDUTVA

Religious systems are also a part of the Indian system. Religion is an important place in any civilization and culture. Following the path of religion, the Satkamis get higher positions, then religion only shows the way to life. In India, people of Hinduism, Muslims, Sikh, Christian, Buddhist, Jain, Vahai and freedom to establish a religious institution to spread the propaganda of their religion. This is the reason why in India, praying in temples, mosques, gurudwaras, churches etc. while praying, can be seen doing satsangs, bhajans etc. in Gurudwaras. People of India are probably in the world who respect all religions. Recognition of all religions is well-known with customs and rituals etc. Hindus in India celebrate Eid festival together with Muslim brothers and eat them at their home. In the month of Ramzan, in the feast of Rosa Iftar, Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs and Christians, all religions join together and happily celebrate the festivals together with them. Muslim brothers also celebrate Deepawali with Hindu brothers and sisters. Together with Holi, they enjoy the festival of Holi together. On that day there is neither a Hindu nor any Muslim, no sikh or any Christian, by coloring in Holi, all only one person, one citizen, all Indians are visible. On that day, the color of all Indians is the same. Vaisakhi also celebrates the whole Indian together. There is no discrimination between Hindus and Muslims even in Lohri, if they celebrate Lohri festival together, then all the Christmas holidays in the entire country can be seen together. India's religious system can be the ideal of any religious system in the world. When we see that there is no difference in between Holi, Deepawali, Christmas, Lohri and Vaishakhi, on Eid festival or in Rosa Iftar. The entire Indian nation enjoys the joy of the festivals of all religions with great joy. With the provision of secularism in the Indian Constitution, due to the lack of Indian public, the government of India also provides government grants to increase the Muslim population of the country from the Constitution to Haj pilgrimage. Because the economic condition of the people in India is not so strong that they can travel to Hajj on their own strength, so the government has arranged a grant on Haj pilgrimage (which is provided in the form of subsidy) while caring for the feelings of the people of the country. This is because in a country where people have no time for roti and they cannot even consider going abroad. But Venus is the country's government which provides grants in the form of subsidy on the total expenditure on Haj pilgrimage; otherwise our Muslim brothers should be deprived of visiting Haj pilgrimage. But this is a positive aspect of Indian religious system and it also increases from the constitutional provisions when the Constitution of the country refuses to encourage any religion, but despite the promotion of its Muslim religion, protection is provided by the government. But no religious protest has been done by Indians of other religions till today, because Indians see all religions with equal respect and understand that if we oppose this kind of religious conservation then our Muslim brothers The economically weaker person will not be able to travel to Hajj if only then India will be the world's safest democracy and the "secularism" is followed

the subsidy given by the government on Haj pilgrimage, Indian Sikhs, Christians, Buddhists, Jains, because Indian Hindus have faith in all the religions they live in India with the spiritof brotherhood. This is the reason that even after seven and half decades of independence, we are defying the prophecy of Weston Churchill that this nation will not be united for a long time and it will be fragmented. Even after 75 years, India is perceived as a whole country and the largest democracy in the world. This is the reason that today the vision of the world community is gazing at the India, even the different opinions existing in India, people from different communities and different religions. There is unity in religious diversity in India too. There are many delightful religious places here that are proud of the glory of India and are presenting the unity of India's unity even after being at different places in India. Whether there is a temple of Mata Vaishno Devi in Jammu and Kashmir or the temple of Balaji Hanuman in Rajasthan, Harishwar in Uttarakhand or Kanshi in Mathura, Sangam of Ganga-Yamuna in Allahabad and Allahabad, Temple of Tirupati Balaji in Karnataka, Akshardham Temple of Gujarat, Delhi The Lotus Temple and the Akshardham Temple, the temple of Sai Baba in Maharashtra are all religious places. Where there is an image of unity in the diversity of entire India. India is as powerful as it is from a strategic point of view to a more powerful religious perspective. This is the reason that India is not taking the name of scattering even with the burden of 100 million people, but with the help of more solidarity, in the development of this country. Used to be in India, there is always some purpose behind every incident, but with no objective event any purpose is added here. That is why most of the terrorist incidents are seen by adding names of people of a particular religion. They are tired of giving their explanation because India has the freedom of religion in India but for a procession, gathering etc., there is a lot to do in the name of law and order. Only then the Indian monks will get Vip in the country. The status of the religion is strong in India. Only then those who run the shop in the name of religion are now called the Dharmadhikari. That is also something like this, in religion the soul who has knowledge is called Dharmatma. Those who had the right to religion were called Dharmadhikari. Those who taught the religion are used to called it Dharmatma. But in the name of religion in today's world Dharma is used to make wealth. The people, who do not have knowledge but speak about knowledge, called religious workers. By doing luxuriously satsang, they become a Dharmadhikari. The easiest thing is in this world to be stupid and make stupid in the name of religion.

Image- 2, Source: The Hindu https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/christian-muslim-households-top-in-donations-for-charity/article19285920.ece

“koee yahaan luta koee vahaan luta . koee dhan par luta koee gulabadan par luta . amar vo hua jo jaati dharm aur vatan par luta.”

Under the Indian religious system, fasting or fasting has been a part of religious faith since ancient times, where men and women have eaten without food from the morning. At lunch time, eat a little too much time. In Hinduism, where there is a fasting in the day without eating anything, it is called Roza under Muslim religion. People have different beliefs about fasting or fasting etc. Some people believe that fasting in ancient times indicates being a symbol of faith; some people believe that when the grain production was low in the country, then the then Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru, was urged to keep fast. The Indian people could mainly depends upon crops were cultivated by them and did not have to import grains from abroad, so one day a day was urged to keep fast. At present, some people have the impression that fasting is related to faith, and there is also a deep connection of health from health, which is fond of eating excessive and reduces work. For them, weekly fast is said to be appropriate in terms of health, so it is a matter of religious faith to fast for some religious people, It is a matter of religious faith to keep fast for some religious people, then for some people only means the medium of healthy living and if fasting or fasting is in opposition, then to fasten their demands, then the importance of fasting is so much It is increased that the doctor for the care of the fasting person, the security of the police force for security is done with immediate effect and the fasting person Mr. considering legal demands have to be forced to accept them. The importance of fasting in the Indian system is a powerful way of expressing resistance to the path of Ahinsha, during which many movement activists used as a non-violent weapon during the freedom movement and expressed their protest against the British. The longest and fastest fast in Indian history was done by the great patriot and true revolutionary respected Jatin Das ji, who, while

the distinction of being a martyr. Since then, fasting has been used as an important weapon in India, and considers the importance of fasting as only Indian public mind.

CRITICS OF HINDUTVA

Today, there is talk of Baba around in India. In the Indian religious system, there has been a flood of organizations of satsangs at the present time. Look at the city in which any satsang organization is active, all satsang organizations talk about God, goddess goodness, discuss good evil, thousands of satsangi organize satsang at one place without any police system organized. Listen carefully to the words of your guru Of course, they do not follow them, but as long as Satsang is on the spot, they listen to satsang wholeheartedly, even those satsangi who consider their time wasting waste in the service of their parents at home. Especially, such men and women of Satsangi go to the Satsang site to set up a broom, take shoes and slippers and give water. Satsangi people are called to serve in the language of satsang. Blessed are such foolish Indians who serve in satsang instead of giving birth to parents and destroy their precious time in search of peace. The greatest feature of Indians, it can be said that they spend a distance of fifty kilometers for organizing like Satsanga and gather at one place in the number of millions. Talking about religion, after returning after a few hours, they return again for their destination. The most important thing that has come to the notice of Satsangi organizations is that the mobilization of lakhs of people is successfully managed without the formation of any police force. It is not a matter of who is satsangi in mind and who is also seen, but it also goes that the subjects which are the most discussed in satsangs are the most engaged people in the subject subjects. Satsangi, who talk of religion, meaning, work and salvation, are most absorbed in these topics. There is a great difference in their story and doing. In India, the shop run in the name of Satsang is flourishing well and some fools have a very good role to play in them, which, in the name of satsang, destroy their good times. On the strength of the people of such narrow mindset, some Satsangi organizations are working to mislead the people of this country. Otherwise, the religious system of India is shown in the right sense only after studying Indian philosophy. In the Indian religious system, the present trend of faith, which is growing rapidly, is the visit of the Kandwadi which is seen as a symbol of the zeal of Indian youth especially. The entire India, especially in western UP, pauses during the journey of Kannada. The business gets stalled completely. To go to Delhi, chewing iron grams, the government also has a loss of revenue of millions of rupees. The highway is completely closed to the general public. to the Kannvad travel. The Kawwad passenger travels on the basis of devotion, and the common people who have to face the difficulties of Kannwad travel, are indescribable, when the journey in ten rupees reaches fifty rupees. If it reaches eight hours, then the inconvenience caused by the journey of Kannwad is able to sympathize with the common man, though no one in the Indian religious system Also in the event of religion, instead of creating a world in travel, cooperate in that event. It is also seen that in places where the Muslim religion also resides in Haridwar, the places of Kannwad journey. Kawand does not shrink back in service to the passengers, but take part in it. This is because of the unity of India, Mishal, brother fodder is mixed and it is shown that people of different religions in India are of course but they all have a unique blend of brother-in-law in the religious ceremony of each other, only then Indian culture is considered to be the best. But most of the youth who go on the Kannwad tour go on a journey to Kannad in excitement and enthusiasm. Travelers traveling on the Kankar journey in reverence and devotional traveler are reduced. Most passionate young people are also victims of accident due to inadequacy in Kannada travel and question marks are also placed on religious beliefs. A recent example is the village of Bighanei, Gurgaon (Haryana), from where twenty-three youths of the same village have been victims of accident in the Kannwad yatra, who sometimes put question marks on our faith. Dangerous time may be demanding, but hearing tears in such a painful way tears fill the eyes. If the grandfather got the news of the accident of the grandchildren, he could not handle himself and left life in gum. Whatever the reason for the accident, the youth power was ended from the village and the end was that the trust that was inhabited in the hearts of millions of crores of people, the entire India saw and heard, then what will our belief be somewhere in our place when To the god of faith who walk hundreds of kilometers to pilgrims reaching Haridwar, Rishikesh, Gomukh And if there is an end to the life of those devotees, will we see that god of faith in the same way as the person who believes in us as our protector, our God, and that there is an end to our life, then surely, Somewhere in the ocean, there will be some reduction. What is becoming a new trend in the Indian religious system is the rule of Dhongi Baba. Those hypocrites are establishing their domination by playing with the feelings of the people this is due to Indian religious system. Who are messing with religious belief due to superstitions? The Indian people, who believe in superstition, are going to cherish and cherish with superstitions. Wherever there is no delay in giving God status to any Baba, then there will not be so many Babas in any country of the world as India is

the public, then the feelings of his devotees are deeply shocked. Only then in the country there is many deceitful Babas‘ empire being ending and the Indian people are becoming somewhat aware and the hypocrisy is doing the work of abolishing the empire of Baba. This is the reason that the days of coming and going of the pseudo of religious beliefs and religious belief itself and creeps Babas is getting hard to save his life. India was a country of Sages, Sages Munis, country and will remain. Because, in this country, respected saints, babas and masters rarely get anybody else. There are also many categories of sadhus in India. In one category, they come from Sadhu Baba who go home and meet their needs. Such a sad Baba is considered to be the lower class saint Baba in India. Second-grade sadhus who work as priests on the temples and keep a little knowledge, on the basis of which they take advantage and people who came in their influence have to fulfill their needs. This type of followers is limited in villages or townships. The other category Baba, who has done a good honor and charity by the people of that area, by making a living in a good cave in the city of posh colonies, in his royal style, and some of his follower babas are like this. In different states, cities many illegal or offensive work has been done by babas. This category of babas enjoying all the physical pleasures of the world but will say that we are Baba. Another category of Baba‘s who performs religious discourse in country and abroad. They talk of religion, meaning, work, salvation, but they are immersed in meaning and work, living a household life, family, wife, children are all but saints are just talking about making Maya and people are doing it Are making their followers in the name of religious discourse. The wealth of them are in millions is in the country and abroad but it is said to be saints. What do you have to do with Saint Mahatma's family? These babas think of themselves in the upper class Baba. They also get police protection that means they are also afraid to die. What to do with the life and death of Sadhu Baba? When the call comes, then it is time to go away and then the police force arrangement. It means that they are hypocrites, who, in the name of religion, are not only directly, or indigenous Indians, they are also trapping foreign nationals in their religious clutches and they are also trapped. In the Vedic period, the great scholars, the Rishis used to be Mahatma,Those who were called the names of Maharishi, Rajarshi etc., but they used to make grass-clay slabs in all the forests. It is said that Acharya Chanakya, which is called the father of economics. While Chandragupta remained the Prime Minister of Maurya, he used to make a grotto in the forest. It can be estimated that what true rishi, Mahatma, Saints who are given the nouns are actually those who are like this, what is the sponsorship of Dhanmaya. Then only the good of this human being and spreading the light of rupees. Baba, who gives importance to wealth and physical pleasures, cannot be Baba. Because wealth does not have any means to the sadhus. Therefore, sadhus do not give importance to wealth. If a sage valued wealth, then the monk is not a hypocrite. The wealth is not only the means for the people like Mahatma. A recent example is a master of south India who is said to be the owner of property of thousands of crores. They have all the physical amenities. Even political power, but as an actress, she has been exposed to the fact that the owner of thousands of crores had to undergo an undergraduate. The police continued to search and finally found out in Himachal Pradesh, arrested and took them in prison. A TV channel has played an important role in highlighting the true face of Swami, and more important work is that of the actress who risked her life and sacrificed this admirable task, so that the reality of a deceit of Baba is known to the world. From such examples, it can be estimated that in this country Baba is dying in the ocean of his own joy, in the heart of his millions, millions of followers. While doing so, they do not even think that you have given a human being the revered feeling of these millions, millions of followers, that the zodiac has attained the status of the highest status of God. Such a thought does not come in the mind of this deceit Baba even for a moment. They do not consider so much that the followers who have got recognition in the world on their own will be able to live on their minds. When they see that they should not be seen. The respect and reverence of the respected saints in our country is rarely given to any other person. Swami Ramdev, who is neither a saint nor a great saint in the country and abroad, But the category can be called the best of which, my argument behind it is also well known that whoever tells the path, the path should be healthy, because the healthy mind resides in a healthy body. He can come in the category of Guru. They can also be called a teacher who teaches us something, even if it is good to be healthy. Yoga was initiated by Yoga Guru Patanjali in India during the Vedic period. Who told the rules of the Athangar Yoga Yama, Rule, Asana, Pranayama, Pratyahara, meditation, Dharana, Samadhi, and furthering the same yoga, Swami Ramdev ji brought India's new identity in the form of a new identity Yoga Guru, for which all his fellow Indians are grateful that Yoga This India took out four diwali from the country and traveled to America, England. They are following their duty as true masters. But there is a great saying that, ―when God inspires Husain, then the light comes‖. This is what is going to happen with some Swami Ji. The weaknesses of the government, the government's deficiencies and journalistic dialogue made the ambition of the world clear that now Swamiji will lift the lamps of nor a lack of money. Now it is only to see how successful Swami Ji is in his mission. If Swamiji managed to change the system of this country, then it would be the second freedom for this country. For which Swamiji will be eligible for thanks. Now it is only in the womb of future that the success is achieved.

CONCLUSION

The Constitution of India has given every person freedom to live according to their religion. We should use religion for the welfare of mankind. We should work for the development of mankind by respecting the religion of others, with religion as the basis. On the other hand some people use policy things to propagate their religion; we should stay away from them. Religion is the basis of human life and we should make that foundation strong. Many scholars have expressed their views about religion, all have considered religion to be important and have advised human beings to live life on the basis of religion. Even in today's age where the culmination of religion cannot be denied. In wrapping up, after reading and observing all religions in the world are different in their notion of worship, fasting, convention and festivals. I originate a significant thing in all religions that they accept existence of God. The best religion which makes you a better humankind rather than a religious being. The religion which thought you to serve our life for human wellbeing, help them without any prejudice. The religion which guide us to feel others problems and be more humble towards parents in a respectful manner. In all respect the best religion which guidelines you to help needy people and orphans by provided that obligatory amenities of daily life. The most valuable thing that I have learned from all religions, that present prayers on regularly which gives calmness to our mind. Recollection God in our life will make our heart and soul pure, getting guidance through knowledge of diviner to lead our life in prolific way. Good moral fiber and opinion about fairness in every piece of life where the discrimination does not matter in life. Under the guidance of holy books such as Bhagwat Geeta, Quran and Bible all taught us to live peaceful life to achieve success and prosperity. In wrapping up, after reading and observing all religions in the world are different in their notion of worship, fasting, convention and festivals. I originate a significant thing in all religions that they accept existence of God. The religion which makes you better humankind rather than a religious being is best religion. The religion which thought you to serve our life for human wellbeing, help them without any prejudice. The religion which guide us to feel others problems and be more humble towards parents in a respectful manner. In all respect the best religion which guidelines you to help needy people and orphans by provided that obligatory amenities of in our life will make our heart and soul pure, getting guidance through knowledge of diviner to lead our life in prolific way. Good moral fiber and opinion about fairness in every piece of life where the discrimination does not matter in life. Under the guidance of holy books such as Bhagwat Geeta, Quran and Bible all taught us to live peaceful life to achieve success and prosperity.

REFERENCES

1. https://vishwahindusamaj.com 2. 'Hindutva': Ideology and Social Psychology by Sumanta Banerjee in Economic and Political Weekly https://www.jstor.org/stable/4397215?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents 3. Pankaj Rathee's Reviews on Hindutva https://www.goodreads.com/review/show/1784178411

4. The Triumph of the Hindu Right, Freedom of Speech and Religious Repression in Modi's India By Ananya Vajpeyi https://www.foreignaffairs.com/reviews/review-essay/triumph-hindu-right

5. Varghese K. George https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/hindutva-20-is-in-crisis/article26284383.ece 6. Hindutva as an ideology of cultural nationalism by Yogesh Snehi https://www.researchgate.net/publication/203066143_Hindutva_as_an_Ideology_of_Cultural_Nationalism 7. Hindutva is an assault on Hinduism: Shashi Tharoor https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/hindutva-is-an-assault-on-hinduism-shashi-tharoor/articleshow/71358702.cms 8. Anuja Mohapatra Director: Ivy Hamerly, https://baylorir.tdl.org/bitstream/handle/2104/9744/Anuja_Mohapatra_honorsthesis.pdf?sequence=1

Corresponding Author Dr. Abheyender Singh*

Assistant Professor, MSI, C-4, Janakpuri, New Delhi-110058, abheyendrasingh@msi-ggsip.org