Effect of Remedial Yoga and Fitness Regimen Training on Selected Physical Fitness and Physiological Variables among Obese College Men

INTRODUCTION

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity is one of the most common, yet among the most neglected, public health problems in both developed and developing countries. According to the WHO World Health statistics report 2012, globally one in six adults is obese and nearly 2.8 million individuals die each year due to overweight or obesity due to the increased risk of morbidity and mortality, obesity is now being recognized as a disease in its own right. Additionally, obesity is strongly associated with other metabolic disorders including diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, cardiovascular disease and even some cancers. The risk for these disorders appears to start from a body mass index (BMI) of about 21 kg/m2. Obesity is generally classified as generalized obesity (GO) and abdominal obesity (AO). Individuals with obesity have higher rates of mortality and morbidity compared to non obese individuals Obesity has been defines as a person, ―who on account of inordinate of fat and flesh, is disfigured with pendulous, buttocks, belly and breasts and whose increase bulk is not matched by a corresponding increase in energy‖. Excess deposition of fat in adipose tissue is obesity. A body weight 20% or more than the desirable weight for age, sex and height is regarded as obesity. A recent national institute of health consensus conference defines obesity as B.M.I.>25 K.G./m

METHODOLOGY

For the present study, we have to select 60 male Obese Students studying in M.A.M. College of Engineering and Technology, Tiruchirappalli, during the academic year 2019- 2020. The age of the subjects ranged between 18 and 21 years. The selected subjects may divided into three experimental groups and a control group with twenty subjects (n = 20) in each group. Experiment Group I (RGC I), Experiment Group II

12 weeks. The control group (Group III).

1. Flexibility. 2. Balance

1. Body mass index 2. Vital Capacity Tests: Following tests were utilized for the present study:-

1. Flexibility: Sit & Reach test 2. Balance: Stork Stand

1. Body Mass Index: BMI was calculated as weight (kg) divided by Height squared 2. Vital Capacity: Spiro meter

The objective of the ANCOVA was to describe the statistical results of the effect of remedial yoga group (Group I), fitness regimen group (Group II) and control group (Group III) on selected physical fitness, physiological, and psychological variables among obese college men.

of ANCOVA for pretest scores of the remedial yoga group, fitness regimen group and control group. The obtained F-ratio for the pre-test is 0.24 and 0.61indicating that the random sampling is successful and the table F-ratio is 3.15. Hence the pre-test mean F-ratio is insignificant at 0.05 level of confidence for the degree of freedom 2 and 57. The obtained F-ratio for the post-test is 33.13, 56.67 and the table F-ratio is 3.15. Hence the post-test mean F-ratio is significant at 0.05 level of confidence for the degree of freedom 2 and 57. The adjusted post-test means of remedial yoga group, fitness regimen group and control group are 26.03, 23.01, 18.65, 28.90, 26.30, and 24.82 respectively. The obtained F-ratio for the adjusted post-test means is 88.28, 56.76 and the table F-ratio is 3.16. Hence the adjusted post-test mean flexibility and balance F-ratio is significant at 0.05 level of confidence for the degree of freedom 2 and 56.

An examination of table – 2 indicates that the results of ANCOVA for pretest scores of the remedial yoga group, fitness regimen group and control group. The obtained F-ratio for the pre-test is 0.17, 0.56 indicating that the random sampling is successful and the table F-ratio is 3.15. Hence the pre-test mean F-ratio is insignificant at 0.05 level of confidence for the degree of freedom 2 and 57. The obtained F-ratio for the post-test is 22.49, 207.53 and the table F-ratio is 3.15. Hence the post-test mean F-ratio is significant at 0.05 level of confidence for the degree of freedom 2 and 5 7.The adjusted post-test means of remedial yoga group, fitness regimen group and control group are 28.98, 28.96, 31.97, 3.72, 2.99, and 2.31 respectively. The obtained F-ratio for the adjusted post-test means is 151.17, 199.85 and the table F-ratio is 3.16. Hence the adjusted post-test mean body mass index and vital capacity F-ratio is significant at 0.05 level of confidence for the degree of freedom 2 and 56.

Table - 3 shows the ordered adjusted means and difference between the means of remedial yoga group, fitness regimen group and control group. The mean values of remedial yoga group, fitness regimen group and control group are 26.03, 23.01, 18.65 group; fitness regimen group and control group are 3.02, 7.38, 4.36, 2.60, 4.08 and 1.48 respectively. Hence there is a significant difference between the mean differences between remedial yoga group and fitness regimen group; remedial yoga group and control group; fitness regimen group and control group. The results of the study showed that remedial yoga group is better than fitness regimen group and control group; fitness regimen group is better than control group for increasing flexibility and balance among obese college men.

Table - 4 shows the ordered adjusted means and difference between the means of remedial yoga group, fitness regimen group and control group. The mean values of remedial yoga group, fitness regimen group and control group are 28.98, 28.96, 31.97 3.72, 2.99, and 2.31 respectively. The mean differences between remedial yoga group and fitness regimen group; remedial yoga group and control group; fitness regimen group and control group are 0.02, 2.99, 3.010.73, 1.41, and 0.68 respectively. Hence there is a significant difference between the mean differences between remedial yoga group and fitness regimen group; remedial yoga group and control group; fitness regimen group and control group. The results of the study showed that remedial yoga group is better than fitness regimen group and control group; fitness regimen group is better than control group for decreasing body mass index and increasing vital capacity among obese college men.

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Research Scholar, Department of Physical Education, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu