Analysis of Beam and Column for Improving the Integrity Performance

I. INTRODUCTION

In the industry of construction we consider columns and beams are rigide. Frame consists of different components such as beam and column. All Total load coming in building were going from this comp. so this compo. is enough strong and stable to transfer this load to the ground. Different forces are acted on the building such as vertical load as dead load of structure and live load, lateral loading is due to seismic waves i.e., due to earthquake and torsional force as wind load etc. for force sustainability strong joint is necessary i.e., Bending, lateral and torsional forces generated during loading and transfer of forces from one component to another. Connected members get failed in earthquake becauseof joint failure. For load sustainability col. and beams frequently strengthening is essential.[5] There are multiple numbers of method like batten plates of U shape is used in beams also distinct members were strengthened at nonidenticale points. fibre-reinforced polymer also used for jacket to existing column. M.I.S. Elmasry et al. (2018) [1] various techniques on cfrp retrofitting in the literature paper were studied by author. Results of his study said that strength of columnbeam connections were improved using jacketing steel by wrapping sheets of cfrp in cross setup. Furthermore, using the proposed technique proved to show better ductile response than other techniques suggested in some previous research related to the same study point. M.F. Belal et al. (2014) [2] Investigated in his paper about behaviour of strengthened steeljacketing column. The researcher demonstrated that capacity of column were depend upon various schemes of strengthening. shapeof main strengthning using C shape section, angles,platees and their numbers and size.he tested seven column out of which 2 were normal and remaining were strengthened. By using fem behaviour of these columns were studid. He verify his results with experimentals results. He conclude that significant strengthening results were given by batten plates used to C channel section.

exterior-warping U-Shaped steel plates. He derived formula brifly to compute carrying load capcity of warping exterior strengthened reinforced cementconcrete beams. Also he use softwere called abaqus to verify results got through theoretical setupe. Lastly he suggest warping of exterior U shape battenplates for rational method of strengthening.

1. To analyse beam for two-point bending. 2. To analyse beam for combined torsion and bending. 3. To analyse the column for combined lateral and vertical loadings.

III. METHODOLOGY

Finite Element Approach [4] The different specimens were modelled by the FEM using ANSYS Workbench 15.0 In order to simulate as closely as possible the actual behaviour of the specimens. From the program menu list open the ANSYS 15.0 folder and select Workbench 15.0. Step 1 Unit Setting: Now is a good time to set the units that are going to work since the units typically do not change. For modelling a Beam and column of 150X150X2000 MM and 150X150X1000 MM. units tab from project bar menu was selected to units change.

Step 2 Creating the Model: To perform a Static structural analysis, we will need to add the correct building block (system) from the Analysis Systems menu. ANSYS run different type of analyse like Fluid interaction thermalanylisis, static structure, buckling and dynamicanylisis, etc. Select the static structural block drag it into green box. For analysis in ANSYS workbench we need to define Engineering Data>Geometry>Model>Solution>Results.

Step 3 Engineering Data: To have the correct behaviour modelled, need to define the type of material, along with its mechanical properties, using the Engineering Data cell. The selection of material was done by depending upon the physical and chemical properties of the material. These properties are used for analysis.

Step 4 Geometry: During this part, geometry was drew by sketch, these steps: Change the Units from the toolbar Units.go in XY Plan, and drawne witha 2D shape. Then extrude this 2D shape into 3D model by extrude command in this we were gave length to that element. Similarly, the reinforcement is drawn by using sketching command.

Step 6 Meshing: A mesh is needed to run Finite element analysis (FEA). The mesh takes the 3D part and represents it as many small elements that are connected by nodes. The FEA cannot run without having a mesh defined. In the Mechanical Tree Outline, Rightclick on Meshtab and then select the size of meshing as fine and then right click on Mesh and click on generate mesh the mesh will be generated. There are three types of mesh Course medium and fine out of which fine meshing is selected for more accuracy.

Step 7 Setup: Use the Setup cell to launch the appropriate application for that system. Using these options will define loads, boundary conditions, and otherwise configure analysis in the application. Go back to the Project > Setup cell > Edit… Will work again in the same Mechanical model window but will need to right-click on the Static Structural leaf to access the functions needed. Many options will show when select Insert… as shown below. Here we beam simply supported beam and column with one end free and another fix this boundary condition was selected from this setup cell.

Step 8 Results: Try to run the analysis now by right-clicking on the Solution leaf in the LHS menu and clicking Solve. To set-up a viewer for the Equivalent Stress we will select Solution>Insert>Stress>Equivalent Stress. For the Total Deformation: To set-up a viewer for the Axial (Normal) Deformation we will select Solution>Insert>Deformation>Total. After inserting require output result right click on solution and click on evaluate all result to obtain different result.

To analyse beam for two-point bending the study was done toinvestigate the effects of different Strengthening technique on beam for improving the bending strength of beam for that simply supported beam was analysed for two-point load of equal magnitude and equally spaced acted on beam and results were recorded for different models. Similarly, to analyse beam for combined torsion and bendingCantilever beam (one end Fixed another end free) were analysed. In this the vertical point load is given on free support and clockwise moment of different magnitude were applied on free end and results of different beam models were observed.

(a) Beam 1

(b) Beam 2

(c) Beam 3 (d) Beam 4

(e) Beam 5 (f) Beam 6 (g) Beam 7

For analyse the column for lateral and vertical loading,vertical as well as lateral load of different magnitude were applied on column and results were recorded after that strengthening technique was applied for avoiding failure of column and analysis will be done and changes in the results were observed.

Different models of Column: Following are the different types of Columns were anylized in ANSYS15.0 Col. 1 is simple column without reinforcement Col. 2 was Column with four 10mm Dia bar in Col. 3 6 mm thick plate were attached to all four sides of column in Col. 4 four ISA 50X50X6 mm attached to 4 corners of column and these angles were connected with each other with 50X6 mm batten plate. Col. 5 is same like Col. 4 but in this 100X6 mm batten plate is used for connecting Angles (a) Col. 1 (b) Col. 2

(c) Col. 3 (d) Col. 4 (e) Col. 5

In order to understand the behaviour of Normal specimen and strengthened specimens under different loading conditions Such as simply supported beam tested for two point bending cantilever beam tested for combined torsion and bending, and column is tested for combined lateral and vertical loads and deformation of each specimen is measured at regular

In paper behaviour of different strengthen beam, column models were investigated throughe FEM in ANSYS 15.0. these elements were strengthening by using steel plates and angle section at different location with different loading combinations. The Research focused on the batten plates and angle for enhancing the resistance to deformation from this study following conclusions were drawn. 1. Using batten plates and angle for strengthening of beam and column proved effective since it increases the resistance to deformation. 2. Strengthening element shows greater resistance to deformation as compared to normal element. 3. Angle connected to middle one third span of beam for strengthening prove very effective as compare to other strengthening models for simply supported beam subjected to two-point bending. 4. For cantilever beam subjectede to a combind torsion and bending strengthening with angle to middle one third proven very effective since it will undergo less deformation as compare to other models. 5. Column strengthen with four angles connected to each corner and four batten plates connected to them at equal interval shows

[1] Elmasry M.I.S., Abdelkader A.M., Elkordy E.A. (2018) An Analytical Study of Improving Beam-Column Joints Behavior Under Earthquakes. In: Rodrigues H., Elnashai A., Calvi G. (eds) Facing the Challenges in Structural Engineering. GeoMEast 2017. Sustainable Civil Infrastructures. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61914-9_37 [2] Mahmoud F. Belal, Hatem M. Mohamed & Sherif A. Morad (2015) Behavior of reinforced concrete columns strengthened by steel jacket, HBRC Journal, 11:2, pp. 201-212, DOI:10.1016/j.hbrcj.2014.05.002 [3] Chunli Zhou, Jinkun Sun, Zhaorong Zeng, Jie Liu, "Studies on the RC Beam Strengthened by Using the Exterior-Wrapping U-Shaped Steel Plate and Its Application", Advances in Civil Engineering, vol. 2019, Article ID 2396764, 9 pages, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2396764 [4] ANSYS 15.0. Theory reference. ANSYS Inc.; 2015. [5] Nasih Habeeb Askandar, Abdulkareem Darweesh Mahmood (2020). "Torsional Strengthening of RC Beams with Near-Surface Mounted Steel Bars", Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 2020, Article ID 1492980, 11 pages, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/1492980

PG Student, Civil Engineering Department, SVERI‘s College of Engineering Pandharpur, Maharashtra ravikiranjadhav@yahoo.com