An analysis the Customer Perspectives on the effects of M-Commerce Adoption

The significant rise in mobile usage in India is attributable to the falling price of mobile devices & rise in the number of APPs, or apps for mobile platforms, which are supported by free internet deals. Users are moving from desktop to mobile devices in greater numbers in order to complete more desirable transactions in online markets. With more than half a billion mobile subscribers, growing competition, & creative ways to draw customers, mobile has fundamentally altered how businesses operate today. The use of smartphones has increased dramatically in recent years. There has been a significant impact on India's adoption of mobile commerce over the past two years. Mobile Commerce, or M-Commerce, is a new research & application area that has emerged as a result of the proliferation of wireless & mobile networks. Because of this, the scope of M-Commerce is much broader than a single business transaction. A variety of applications of M-Commerce can be found in the text messaging, mobile payment, financial & banking services, logistics, buy/sell of goods & services, and information services sectors & Wireless client relationship management so on.

1. To study the socio-economic and demographic variables among mobile commerce service users in Chennai. 2. To identify the level of awareness of mobile commerce service users. 3. To examine the use of mobile commerce services.

1. There is no association between income of the respondents and the type of connection. 2. There is no association between income of the respondents and the money spent on mobile usage. 3. There is no association between network provider and the reliability of network

The study of methodology, or the ways in which research is conducted, is known as "methodology." It is the systematic examination of the accumulated rules & practises unique to a specific field of study. It typically includes things like the paradigm, the theoretical model, and the phases. Research refers to the process of investigating a topic in order to learn as much as possible about it. Simply put, research is the practise of systematically examining a topic. Someone once said that need was the mother of all inventions, which would make the individual doing this study a researcher. In this context, the term "research" should be understood to Design, Selection of Sampling Area, Sampling Technique and Sample size calculation as given below.

This research is descriptive study in nature. A descriptive research is concerned with conditions, practices, structures, differences or relationships that exists, opinion held, process that are going on or trends that are evident. The overall plan for the conduct of this research to find out the answers to the research questions and the hypotheses formulated, during the initial stages is explained in Research Design. It also includes the sampling technique to be adopted, the collection of data through various instruments, Statistical tools deployed for data analysis and interpretation.

The survey method is used in this Research study to derive gainful insights and knowledge of the various factors influencing the Customer Perception on Impact of Mobile Commerce residing in Chennai. The primary data is collected through a well-structured questionnaire to address the research questions and the relevant hypothesis. The relevant secondary data was collected from journals, magazines, newspapers, published information and details on websites for the study.

Data are collected by theoretical basis and the practical means such that the characteristics of a population can be inferred with known estimates of error. The succeeding paragraphs highlight about the sampling design adopted by this research.

In India, Chennai is the fourth largest metropolitan city. The rate of adoption and use of Mobile Commerce at Chennai is second to none and is evidenced through the establishment of warehousing and delivery facilities being setup continuously. This research is carried out in Chennai as it is a city with different profiles of people and thus can be used to arrive at a meaningful conclusion regarding the customer perception on Impact of Mobile Commerce.

The Purposive Sampling method is applied to collect the primary data of the Universal sampling method justifying the entire Chennai population dividing in to three geographical regions namely North, South and Central Chennai. Within these three regions of Chennai, sampling is preceded by those who have already adopted mobile commerce. After these two

A sample size of 720 respondents was selected on purposive sampling method. Out of 810 respondents interviewed for the study, 720 of them were found usable. The samples of this study encompass different types of Chennai customers and it works out to 720.

Pearson's Chi-squared test (χ2) is a statistical test applied to sets of categorical data to evaluate how likely it is that any observed difference between the sets arose by chance.

The well framed questionnaire is used to elicit the required data regarding customer perception on the impact of mobile commerce. The collected data were analyzed and interpreted for understanding the impact of mobile commerce. The analysis is carried by using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. a) Descriptive statistics are concise descriptive coefficients that summarise a data set, which may be a representation of the complete population. There are measurements of central tendency & measures of variability or dispersion that make up descriptive statistics. The purpose of this research is to determine if there is consensus among the criteria taken into account while analysing the spread of mobile commerce. Information about the respondents' demographics, education level, and familiarity with and use of mobile commerce services are included. b) Inferential analysis makes inferences about the population based on a sample of data. It helps to identify the impact of independent variables on the dependent variables.

In this study the descriptive analysis is used in exploring the following domains: Demographic profile of the respondents; Level of awareness of mobile commerce

According to the results shown in Table No. 1, the following characteristics of the respondents have been determined: i. 85.30 percent of the respondents are male & 14.7 percent are female. Nearly half (42.50%) of those who responded were younger than 20. Thirty-0.30% of the sample is comprised of people aged 21-30. Thirteen percent of responders are in the 41-50 age range, while ten percent are in the 31-40 age range. Only 3.80% of responders are considered to be 50 and older. The youth of today clearly favour mobile purchases. More than half (51.40%) of respondents hold college degrees or above. Almost 25% of those who answered the survey have at least a bachelor's degree. Of those, 13.60% hold advanced degrees, while 9.60% have just completed elementary school. Others was selected by 0.70 percent of respondents, indicating that some users have skills beyond those specified but are nonetheless able to use mobile commerce. The majority of respondents (65.6%) are single, while 34.80% are married. 34.10% of the sample is comprised of enrolled students. Almost 32.20% of the respondents work for an organisation, while 29.20% are sole proprietors. There are 3.90% who are stay-at-home parents, and 0.60% who are retired. Almost 42.90 percentage of respondents have monthly incomes of less than 15000 Indian Rupees. Twenty-one point nine percent make between Rs.1,5001 and Rs.30,000, and twenty point eight percent make over Rs.40,000. 14.41% have a salary between Rs. 3001 and Rs. 74 percent of respondents said they have two to four family members, 19.90% traditional families. 289 respondents (40.10 %) are from South Chennai, 251 respondents (34.90 %) are from North Chennai, and 180 respondents (25.00 %) are from a Central area of Chennai. Analyses of level of awareness of mobile commerce namely types of Smartphone, type of connection, the network provided, grocery store, dealer, in respect of the frequency and percentage is given in Table No. 2 below:

More over half of respondents (56.50%) use some kind of the Android operating system on their smart phones; 29.70% use Windows; 11.20 percent use Apple mobile phones; and 2.60 percent use some other operating system. Among those who responded, 53.50 percent are using a pre-paid connection and 46.50 percent are using a post-paid one. Half of the respondents use Airtel as their network provider (iii), while another 22.8 percent use BSNL, 10.4 percent use Vodafone, 5.7 percent use the Idea network, 4.0 percent use the Tata network, 1.8 percent use the Reliance network, and 3.8 percent have selected "others" as their network provider. Only 3.80% of people said they use either MTS or Aircel for their mobile network. Over 60% of people polled have topped up or recharged at a grocery store, a dealer, or online. Almost half of all respondents (43.10 percent) spend less than Rs.300 on their mobile bills per month. They spend between 300 and 500 rupees per month (or 34.40%). In the range of Rs.500-Rs.700, 9.90% of respondents fall. Only 6.2% of respondents spend more than Rs.1000 per month on their mobile usage, while 6.4% spend between Rs.700 and Rs.1000. Thirty-four percent (34.00%) of those polled live no more than two km from the Bank. Twenty-three percent of respondents live within two to four km of a bank. For 16.10% of people, the distance between their home and the travel six to eight kilometres (km) from their home to the nearest bank. This indicates that people are using a mobile commerce app even when the bank is in close proximity to their home.

Hypothesis 1: Type of connection depends on the income of the respondents Null Hypothesis (H0): There is no significant association between income of the respondents & type of connection Alternate Hypothesis (H1): There is significant association between income of the respondents & type of connection.

Table No. 4 applies Chi-square test to find out whether there is a significant association between the income of the respondents and type of connection.

Chi-square analysis is used to determine if there is a statistically significant correlation between respondents' income and their chosen connection type. The alternative hypothesis is accepted since the P value is less than 0.01 (which is significant at the 1% level). As a result, the respondents' income has a considerable impact on the relationship type. It can be deduced that respondents picked their partner according to financial considerations. People with higher incomes are more likely to opt for a post-paid plan. It may be deduced from the data that the respondents with pre-paid connections have a lower income than those with post-paid connections. All of this was done to see if the hypothesis "There is no association between income of respondents & type of connection" holds true. Rejecting the null hypothesis reveals a statistically significant correlation between respondents' reported income and their reported relationship type. Hypothesis 2: Income of the respondents has a bearing on the money spent on mobile usage Null Hypothesis (H0): There is no association between income of the respondents and the money spent on mobile usage Alternate Hypothesis (H1): There is association between income of the respondents and the money spent on mobile usage

respondents and the money spent on mobile usage is tested using Chi-square analysis. The result shows that p-value < 0.01, which means the money spent on mobile usage, is significantly associated with the income of the respondents. Hence, the alternate hypothesis (H1) that there is association between income of the respondents and the money spent on mobile usage is accepted ii. Almost half of the respondents (56%) spent less on mobile usage since their income is low. Hypothesis 3: Reliability of network is associated with the network provider Null Hypothesis (H0): There is no significant association between network provider and the reliability of network Alternate Hypothesis (H1): There is significant association between network provider and the reliability of network

i. Using Chi-square analysis, it is tested whether the network provider is associated with the network provider and reliability of the network. ii. From the above cross tabulation, it can be inferred that the majority of the respondents use Airtel. Hence, the alternate hypothesis (H1) that there is a significant association between the network provider and the reliability of the network is accepted. Hypothesis 4: Educational qualification of the respondents influences the access to internet using mobile. Null Hypothesis (H0): There is no association between educational qualification of the respondents and the access to internet using mobile. Alternate Hypothesis (H1): There is an association between educational qualification of the respondents and the access to the internet using mobile.

i. It is tested whether educational qualification of the respondents influences the access to the internet using mobile. It was found that p-value is less than 0.05, so the alternate hypothesis is accepted that is there is a significant association between educational qualification of the ii. It is found that graduate respondents majorly do access the internet using mobile always (56%). Only 6.5% of the respondents who qualified with school education use the internet using mobile. This shows that those who have higher educational qualification are comfortably using mobile for the internet. Hence, the alternate hypothesis (H1) that there is a significant association between educational qualification of the respondents and their access to the internet using mobile is accepted.

Mobile commerce is the future trend as technology continues to progress and new systems are being created, mobile commerce is on a rapid rise. There are more individuals than ever before who are always on the move, therefore it seems sense that there would be a greater need for mobile commerce. It seems that everyone who has used a mobile commerce app is satisfied with the experience. This trend also suggests that respondents are getting more at ease with using mobile commerce apps. The popularity of both mobile applications and mobile commerce keeps growing. The vast majority of users in Chennai use pre-paid connections & Android smartphones. Any business wishing to maximise the speed and effectiveness of its marketing should focus on reaching prepaid clients on the Android platform.

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PhD Student,Kalinga University, Raipur (CG)