Terrorism financing: Dollars for Terror

―Terrorists cannot survive without financial support. Today‘s sentencing brings to a close an important and successful prosecution that has cut off a major source of funds financing Terrorism. Those who finance terrorist attacks and rejoice in the murder of innocent victims are no different from those who planned the bombs or carry the backpacks money is the lifeblood of terrorism‖-Roslynn Mauskopf

The author has conveyed their viewpoint on various matters pertaining to counterterrorism, democracy, global affairs, and openness. Author has approached these intricate issues with meticulous examination and contemplation. The promotion of internal conflict as a means of resolution is not a productive approach. Rather than prioritising other approaches, it is recommended that attention be directed towards the facilitation of dialogue, reconciliation, and the resolution of underlying issues that contribute to conflicts. Sustainable solutions are more likely to be achieved through the implementation of peaceful and inclusive processes. The relationship between taxation and democracy is a significant area of study, as taxes are essential in providing the necessary financial resources for government operations and the provision of public services. While it is crucial to maintain transparency and accountability in the process of tax collection, it is equally imperative to have a comprehensive comprehension of the function of taxation within a democratic society. Effective counterterrorism efforts rely on the cooperation and information sharing among individuals and organisations. It is imperative to establish legal frameworks and safeguards to safeguard individual rights and forestall instances of abuse or unfounded allegations. Bestowing exceptional rights or advantages to individuals based solely on their personal history or country of origin can present difficulties. Prioritising individual merit, rehabilitation, and integration initiatives over the tendency to stereotype or stigmatise individuals based on their backgrounds is crucial. Enhancing Effectively addressing these challenges requires international cooperation and diplomatic efforts. The maintenance of the global financial system's integrity is contingent upon ensuring transparency in business practises and combatting money laundering. The implementation of international standards and regulations, coupled with effective enforcement mechanisms, is imperative in this context. When discussing the Middle East, it is crucial to refrain from making sweeping generalisations and relying on stereotypes. It is imperative to recognise the intricacies and subtleties of the political, social, and cultural terrain of the region, given its diversity. Adopting constructive approaches such as engaging in open dialogue, comprehending diverse perspectives, and fostering peace and stability can be beneficial. When tackling intricate matters, it is crucial to cultivate a receptive attitude, uphold human rights, and demonstrate a dedication to global collaboration and comprehension.

Terrorism at the heart of a global disclosure there is an increase Sense of urgency in tackling the problem. Making $1 million a day from oil in Syrian Province, ISIS is described as the wealthiest group in history worth hundreds of millions of dollars, sources say that SIS is now bringing in. in their financial system that IMF combats money laundering and terrorism financing which thrive in countries having vulnerabilities by providing countries technical assistance and financial aid to help fix. Saudi Arabia is being sued by Allan Gerson, members of the royal family, banks, charities and for two trillion dollar, they have been accused of Bali bombing and September 11 attacks he said ‗we have seen evidence of money that went from Saudi sources through various entities in Europe to support terrorist cells‘. 9/11 terrorist spent between $400000 and $500000 to plan and conduct their attack. The hijackers and financers used the Using anonymity of the financial system hijackers and financiers they moved money through unremarkable transactions. The mechanisms which existed to prevent abuse of the financial system did not fail but were never created to detect or disrupt transactions of the type that financed 9/11. Treasury options to target specific money laundering and terrorist financing risks come into force in 2991 under the USA Patriot Act. Federal regulatory authorities issued 3659 rules in 2015. One new rule in every 2.5 hours Financial institutions have already spent billions on anti-money laundering compliance efforts Yet they still fall short in meeting regulators expectations. Nearly 2 decades after the 9/11 attacks Saudi Arabia continues to be covertly and overtly supporting Terrorism across region. Saudi Arabia continues to go instigate and catalyse Terrorism across the region. financing terrorist organization around the world. ―Growth of Terrorism in India as skilled investment associating it with religion for namesake; so as to why some violent acts are considered terrorism and others are not on why an individual may be more susceptible in engaging any radical terrorist behaviour and it‘s increase‖ in parlance of murder by Nihangs at Singhu border and various other attacks on temples of democracy.

ISIS benefits from sales of Iraqi and Syrian oil. Cohen Said the team was focused on disrupting as many sources of ISIS funding as possible and to limit the use of funds the group already has on hand the team is also working to limit are you say yes access to the international finance system. After Expansion of ISIS in northern Iraq ISIS is way ahead of Al-Qaeda earning $3million cash a day through oil and gas in black market. ISIS has also been collecting tax from Civilians. Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Qatar have continuously contributed to Terrorism. For 100 Kuwaiti Dinars, 8 mortars. 50 dinars buys 150 bullets. Masoud Aqil a young Kurd arrived in Germany after having fled Syria along the Balkan route in 2016 bringing valuable information with him about IS Terrorist who came along Europe the same way. Imprisoned and tortured by IS for nine months he with utmost loyalty passed information to the German authorities. Now a terrorist hunter was once a victim in the hands of terrorist, using both the supporters, some of whom he encountered during his captivity and Internet information required through contacts in the Kurdish community and devices used by ISIS to counterfeit Terrorism. Jaish e Mohammad (JeM) chief Masood Azhar who orchestrated the January 2 Pathankot terror attack is preparing to train women as ‗fidayeen‘.The children are being recruited for terrorist related activities, Child soldiers and Child terrorists are simultaneously victims and victimizers. Around 42,000 women and children (mostly below the age of 12) currently remain in squalid conditions wallet and over crowded conditions inside United nation camps in Northeast Syria. According to the United Nations the humanitarian situation in camps and detention facilities is not meant for sustainable living conditions of the poor with residents suffering from health care, food sanitation, lack of adequate shelter, education of fortunate, judicial process and prevailing‘s insecurities and violence all of which has increased by the COVID-19 pandemic, to mitigate these problems a member states have begun to bring the national homes all support is grounded and national legal framework and fully compliant with Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman and her American counterpart Janet Yellen discussed ways to enhance bilateral cooperation in fighting illicit finance, money laundering and Terrorism financing and agreed on the importance of effective implementation of financial action task force standards on October 14.

With the increase in money laundering cases and terrorism financing the state is not able to invest for the larger public and solve them in terms of education, health, security, railways, and other holistic well-being of society at large. The national security is at a continuous threat with enrolment of women terrorists and increase in child Terrorism. Psychology of the 21st century middle eastern men with power and prestige majority of them belonging to Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Kuwait is becoming history of wise men donating it in the name of religion, leaving behind forthcoming generations a trail to follow. State funded Terrorism is coming into vogue stretching people to take sides in the name of religion and look into world politics with lens of biased religious opinions. The Indian state for example has seen a significant growth in the Orange Terrorism, instead of attracting people on humanitarian grounds religious groups try to hit sentiment tally poising a psychological manipulation leaving no choice but certainly a pit to fall rather a pit where everyone is pushed or threatened to be in. If we fail to sort out the above-mentioned problems, then we will not be able to create a safe environment for upcoming generations who can develop the world in our sustainable fashion for themselves and create a society much more technologically and mentally strong.

Calling out the mischief: Recognizing and halting all sorts of illicit activities under questionable headings. International collaboration: Organization from countries own Terrorism counterfeiting departments to international organizations such as KPMG forensics, FATF, and IMF are working towards improving their reach to take out innocents in the hands of terrorists and tracking transactions which are illegal in nature. In scenarios like these where organisations like them are working to maintain the international security, any kind of selfish diplomatic stance from all countries must be avoided. Investigations should become a collaborative project. increase the ballistic and gunpowder‘s. Blind faith must be questioned.

The Indian government possesses multiple mechanisms to effectuate modifications to laws and policies pertaining to terrorism. Several potential strategies could be considered: 1. The legislative body has the authority to enact novel laws or modify pre-existing statutes to fortify the legal infrastructure in the fight against terrorism. Potential measures to address terrorism may include the formulation and enactment of novel anti-terrorism legislation, augmentation of punitive measures for acts of terrorism, broadening the scope of what constitutes terrorism, or the implementation of targeted provisions to counter nascent threats. 2. The executive branch has the authority to introduce legislative proposals pertaining to counterterrorism measures within the legislative body. The bills are subject to the legislative process, which entails deliberations, examination by committees, and voting, prior to their enactment as laws. The government could initiate dialogue with parliamentary members and political factions in order to establish a shared agreement and obtain backing for the suggested modifications. 3. The executive branch of government possesses the authority to promulgate executive orders or directives aimed at effectuating modifications in counterterrorism policies. These directives have the potential to furnish directives and mandates to governmental entities and divisions for the purpose of augmenting security protocols, optimising coordination, or improving resource allocation. 4. The establishment or enhancement of interagency coordination mechanisms by the government can serve as a means to facilitate the sharing of information, cooperation in intelligence matters, and the execution of joint operations among diverse law enforcement, intelligence, and security agencies. This can aid in the development of comprehensive policies and strategies aimed at mitigating terrorism. 5. The potential for the government to enhance counterterrorism measures can be realised through partnerships with foreign nations and global entities. The aforementioned activities may encompass the exchange of optimal methodologies, information, and proficiency, synchronisation of endeavours to counteract transnational terrorism, and engagement in global agreements and protocols pertaining to counterterrorism. 6. The implementation of public awareness campaigns by the government can serve to

It is of utmost importance to uphold the principles of democracy and the rule of law by implementing counterterrorism measures in a manner that is respectful of individual rights, transparent, and accountable. The following are several methods by which this objective can be attained in India: 1. To prevent ambiguity and potential misuse, it is imperative that counterterrorism laws are clearly and specifically defined with narrow parameters. It is imperative that the legislation unambiguously delineates the extent of counterterrorism measures, the categorization of offences deemed as terrorism, and the protocols governing the inquiry, litigation, and penalization processes. Ambiguous or excessively general legislation may result in capricious enforcement and encroachments upon personal liberties. 2. The presence of unbiased and autonomous judicial supervision is imperative in guaranteeing that counterterrorism strategies are executed in accordance with legal parameters. The establishment of specialised courts or tribunals that are solely dedicated to handling terrorism cases can aid in upholding consistency, equity, and adherence to legal protocols. The availability 3. It is imperative that individuals who are suspected or accused of terrorism are granted due process rights and a fair trial. The entitlements encompass the privilege of being legally represented, prompt admittance to evidence, safeguarding against any form of torture or maltreatment, and the assumption of innocence until proven guilty. It is imperative to implement specific measures to preclude the utilisation of involuntary confessions or evidence procured via torture. 4. The preservation of individual rights is contingent upon the prevention of arbitrary detention. The act of detaining an individual should be founded upon valid justifications, sanctioned by legal statutes, and open to scrutiny by an impartial judiciary. It is imperative that detainees are expeditiously apprised of the grounds for their confinement, afforded the opportunity to consult with legal representatives, and furnished with mechanisms to contest their detention. 5. The implementation of measures pertaining to data privacy and surveillance should be accompanied by suitable safeguards to forestall any potential misuse and uphold the rights of individuals to privacy. It is imperative that legal statutes unambiguously delineate the acceptable extent of surveillance, articulate the circumstances in which it may be carried out, and institute frameworks for supervisory and responsible conduct. 6. It is imperative for the government to ensure transparency in its counterterrorism endeavours by furnishing details regarding policies, procedures, and measures implemented to combat terrorism. Frequent dissemination of updates regarding the execution of counterterrorism strategies has the potential to bolster public trust and facilitate impartial evaluations. The implementation of oversight entities, such as autonomous commissions or ombudsmen, can effectively oversee the operations of security agencies and probe any claims of impropriety or malfeasance. 7. It is imperative that law enforcement and security agencies undergo training pertaining to human rights, ethical behaviour, and appropriate procedures for managing suspects and detainees. Sensitization initiatives have the potential to enhance consciousness regarding the significance of upholding individual rights and offer direction on achieving an appropriate equilibrium between security measures and civil liberties. 8. Incorporating civil society organisations, human rights groups, and legal experts into the policymaking and implementation procedures can offer a range of viewpoints, promote responsibility, and establish mechanisms for oversight. It is recommended that the government promote discourse and engagement with relevant parties in order to cultivate a proactive measures to initiate public awareness campaigns aimed at educating citizens about their legal entitlements and the protective measures established to safeguard them. In addition, the establishment of grievance mechanisms that are both accessible and effective enables individuals to report instances of abuse, pursue remedies, and ensure that those who are responsible for any violations are held accountable. 10. It is imperative that India conforms to its international human rights commitments, which encompass the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and pertinent accords. Collaboration with global human rights organisations, such as facilitating the access of special rapporteurs or promptly addressing their suggestions, can promote accountability and openness. The Government of India can achieve a harmonious equilibrium between effectively combating terrorism and upholding individual rights by implementing these measures, thereby ensuring transparency and accountability in its counterterrorism endeavours.

The hoi-polloi must come together in the IS occupied region and start an internal war, a mindset that would be against giving taxes to these hooligans would make them realize the power of democracy. Men and women must be honest and loyal to the organizations about the Information they pass about the Trauma and justice they seek. They should come along for seeking their own rights of life god as rendered them. Universities and colleges must grant special privileges to children belonging to the Middle Eastern countries who have been through a questionable past of al-Qaeda or ISIS terrorist related activities or landscape to ensure growth and wellbeing of a section backward in nature. International laws must be strengthened, and selling of bombs and ballistics must stop. The Cold War must literally come to an end. A lot of transparency is required on behalf of small, medium and large scale of Enterprises and businesses across the globe to make sure there are no money laundering cases and taxes are being paid to a democratic regime or a loyal form of government who looks into public matters in a humanitarian polite and righteous manner. Last but not the least I trust the mankind does not get swayed away with the lights and brightness of a sham of Middle East which is so dark and exploitative in nature.

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OP Jindal Global University, Sonipat