A theoretical perspective of Relationship between Student Behavior and Academic Achievement

Sunitha Kallai1*, Prof. Harsh Purohit2, Dr. Vimlesh Tanwar3

1 Research Scholar, Department of Commerce & Management, Banasthali Vidyapith, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

Email: Vtanw@gmail.com

2 Dean, Faculty of Management Studies, Banasthali Vidyapith, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

3 Supervisor, Faculty of Management Studies, Banasthali Vidyapith, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

Abstract - There is a strong correlation between behaviour and academic success. The behaviour of students, including their mindset, determination, and dedication to learning, greatly influences their academic success. Effective learning behaviour, including a strong interest, a track record of success, and a natural aptitude for learning, contributes to improved psychological well-being in the classroom and school environment. However, disruptive behaviour, such as bullying or talking during lectures, can significantly impact the entire classroom and impede academic progress. In relation to academic success, studies have been conducted on time management behaviour, but no significant relationship has been discovered. Academic performance can be influenced by various social factors, including social ties and peer effects. In general, various aspects of behaviour, such as learning behaviour, disruptive behaviour, and social factors, play a crucial role in determining academic success. This paper examines the theoretical perspective of the relationship between student behaviour and academic achievement. It draws on various literature sources that discuss the parameters associated with student behaviour and academic achievement.

Keywords: Academic achievement, students behaviour and class environment.

INTRODUCTION

The correlation between student behaviour and academic success is intricate and diverse, impacted by a multitude of variables such as personal traits, familial upbringing, school atmosphere, and cultural pressures. Here are some crucial factors to contemplate about this relationship:

Good Behaviour and Academic Success: In general, students who exhibit good behaviours such as being attentive, actively participating, cooperating, and showing respect for authority figures have a tendency to achieve higher academic performance. These behaviours provide an optimal learning environment and empower students to actively participate in the curriculum.

Adverse Conduct and Educational Difficulties: Conversely, kids who display bad behaviours such as disturbances, resistance, absenteeism, and hostility often encounter scholastic difficulties. These activities have the potential to disturb the balance of the classroom, hinder the learning process for both the individuals involved and their peers, and may result in disciplinary measures that impact academic advancement.

Motivation and engagement are strongly intertwined with student behaviour in the context of learning. Students who possess high levels of motivation and actively participate in their studies are more inclined to display favourable behaviours and attain academic accomplishments. On the other hand, a lack of motivation or disengagement might appear as disruptive behaviours and impede academic achievement.

Social and emotional elements have a significant role in shaping student behaviour, including peer interactions, family dynamics, self-perception, and mental well-being. Positive interpersonal relationships and psychological well-being are influential factors in promoting positive conduct and scholastic success, while difficulties in these domains might result in adverse behaviour and academic difficulties.

Teacher Influence: Educators have a substantial impact on moulding student behaviour and academic achievements via their teaching methods, classroom control techniques, and interactions with students. Implementing effective pedagogical strategies that cultivate a nurturing and all-encompassing educational atmosphere may cultivate favourable conduct and augment scholastic success.

To effectively address student behaviour difficulties, a comprehensive strategy is necessary, which includes preventative measures, early intervention, and tailored assistance. This may include developing techniques to regulate behaviour, giving chances for social-emotional development, delivering counselling services, and working together with families and community resources.

Factors related to culture and context: It is crucial to acknowledge that the correlation between student conduct and academic performance might differ depending on cultural settings and communities. Various factors, including cultural norms, socioeconomic background, and educational policy, may have an impact on both student behaviour and academic achievements.

In order to promote healthy behaviour and academic success, it is necessary to take a comprehensive strategy that considers the many linked elements that impact student learning and development. By fostering a nurturing and all-encompassing educational setting, implementing specific interventions, and acknowledging the varying requirements of children, educators may facilitate academic achievement and encourage favourable conduct.

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

To examines the theoretical perspective of the relationship between student behaviour and academic achievement.
To draw the critical assessment on various literature sources that discuss the parameters associated with student behaviour and academic achievement.

METHODOLOGY

This study is based on literature to examines the theoretical perspective of the relationship between student behaviour and academic achievement. Therefore, from 23 years literature were explored not in chronological order but theme and concept basis and then critical assessment was applied to attain the defined objectives.

LITERATURE REVIEW

It is said by Rogel, I.R. (2012) that in addition to socio-economic variables, parent factors, peer factors, and school factors, the academic or learning behaviour of a student is equally important in influencing the student's academic accomplishment. The capacity of a student to engage with other members of the school community, as well as their viewpoint, preferences, determination, and attention to learning, are all aspects that contribute to the overall growth and success of a student in school.

Ogbodo (2010) asserts that parents send their children to school with the intention of accumulating information for themselves and their children. When children are in school, they are exposed to a variety of events that contribute to the formation of their behaviour. Alterations in conduct are one way to characterise the process of learning. The cognitive capacities, physical growth, dexterity, and the creation of their values and interests are all ways in which these changes manifest themselves in the individual. The qualities of the surrounding environment, both at home and at school, will determine the degree of ease or difficulty of the transition process. When it comes to bringing about revolutionary change in the world, education is hands down the most powerful instrument that one can utilise. To assure the continued existence of both the individual and society was the goal of this endeavour. The academic success and performance of the student are dependent on their ability to effectively manage their time, develop a study plan, keep their focus, take detailed notes, engage in mental review, engage in overlearning, and make use of strategic learning techniques such as the whole and part method, massed and dispersed learning, and other similar methods. To put it another way, a successful academic performance is contingent upon skills and behaviours that are acceptable for studying. In light of the fact that study habits play a significant part in the process of learning, it is essential to investigate their features in great detail.

During the course of his research article titled "Behaviour Affecting Academics of Students," Thompson (2014) examines the influence that a student's behaviour has on their own learning as well as the learning of their classmates in an educational environment. The academic success of children is impacted by a number of factors, including the level of faculty involvement, the level of family investment, the quality of the school, and the level of student motivation. Nevertheless, the quality of the student's academic performance is the most important factor to consider. There is a strong focus placed on conformity, rote memorization, obedience, and submission to those who are in positions of power in this kind of schooling. The teaching of courses such as English, math, and trades during that time period was carried out in a way that did not take into account the culture that was already in place. It was instead the child's specific needs, interests, and abilities that were the focal point of attention. Specifically, the needs and interests of the child were the focal point of attention. This educational system was established by the missionaries with the expectation that, after they had completed their education, the students who attended the mission schools would go on to work as advisors to the missionaries, as well as in positions of authority within the government or in the business world. It was essential for the students to be able to work together and attentively memorise the information that was presented to them in order for them to achieve success in this educational style. In addition, it was essential for them to be able to successfully transmit their information during examinations or tests, whether it was via written or spoken methods.

In their 2010 study, Ralph A.T. and colleagues investigate the connection between academic achievement, learning styles, and academic behaviour. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence that students' academic or learning behaviours have on their overall academic performance. The students were selected from a variety of geographies, including rural, urban, and semi-urban areas. An individual must devote a significant amount of time and energy to the process of learning, practicing, acquiring information, and educating themselves in order to be considered a student.

According to Alex's study from 2011, student behaviour may be seen as the act of setting aside a specific schedule and uninterrupted time in order to completely participate in the process of learning rather than focusing on other things. Study habits are acts that students participate in on a regular basis, such as reading, taking notes, and engaging in study groups, in order to successfully attain the aim of learning. These actions are consistent and habitual. According to the principle that "the bonds of habit are too weak to be felt until they are too powerful to be broken," it is possible to categorise study habits as either successful or ineffective, depending on their capacity to provide students with additional benefits. There are three components that make up the concept of study habit: study attitude, study method, and study competence. Both the development of productive study habits and the achievement of academic success are significantly influenced by the way in which one approaches the act of studying. When it comes to obtaining success in school, a significant number of the obstacles that must be overcome are concentrated on the development of good academic performance.

According to the findings of Hussain (2006), students attending public secondary schools often come from families that are economically disadvantaged or middle-income. Some of these families are dealing with a variety of problems, which causes their children to experience emotional instability. Inadequate academic performance on the part of the pupils has had a substantial influence on the level of success they have achieved in secondary school.

According to Bukhari and Randall (2009), parents have a key role in the educational system. It is essential for the educational community to recognise and take into consideration the attitudes, beliefs, perceptions, and effects that parents have. It is necessary for educational institutions to get support in the process of establishing and putting into action financial models that have the potential to be fruitful in recruiting and retaining a greater number of students.

In Lima, the year 2011 it was. Given that the population of Nigeria is expanding at a rapid rate and that there is no doubt about the government's financial capacity to support large education programmes that involve the provision of boarding facilities for students, this is something that the government is able to do. It is possible that the implementation of a stringent time management system in boarding schools might significantly improve the academic performance of pupils by actively nurturing the skills essential for efficient studying and diligent work in the educational setting. The vast majority of day students do not benefit from the many academic coaching opportunities that are made available inside the boarding system. Students are allowed to autonomously arrange themselves and manage challenges linked to learning by making use of the limited number of effective study skills that they develop throughout their time in school.

According to Wang and Degol (2015, page 3), the term "school climate" refers to the combination of academic, community, safety, and institutional environment variables that have an impact on the development of purposeful behaviours and psychological strategies in a variety of components of the school environment. When seen through this lens, the school atmosphere is considered to be identical with the whole environment. Generally speaking, it has been defined as the deliberate and attentive endeavour to gain information by actively interacting with the subject matter. This is a broad definition. For the goal of the study scenario, the only response that should be elicited is the particular reaction of studying not any other response. Given the findings of the study, it has been decided that a major methodology must be set aside specifically for the probe. It is essential for an ideal open area to have enough ventilation, be free of noise, and have adequate lighting. In addition to that, it need to be furnished with a chair and a desk. Your level of knowledge will increase in proportion to the quantity of reading you do, so make sure you spend enough time reading. Your chances of going on adventures and travelling will improve in proportion to the amount of information you acquire.

It has been noted by Chukwuemeka (2013) that the environment has a huge impact on the lives of people, including students, instructors, employers, and workers. The provision of experiences that enable students to improve in terms of their knowledge, abilities, and attitudes is one of the difficulties that are now being faced in the field of education. The development of students' attitudes is necessary for them to become lifelong learners. This is because the cultivation of attitudes will assist in the identification and resolution of problems, as well as in the adaptation to change.

Keeping a work diary is something that Hills and Ballow (2000) recommend doing in order to better manage one's time. A work diary gives the student the ability to do an in-depth analysis of their assignments and to schedule time for each of their classes. When new responsibilities need to be accommodated, it is helpful to structure one's calendar in this way since it helps to reduce the possibility of worry and ambiguity that may occur. The diary need to be structured according to the specific requirements and goals of each person, with the goal of ensuring that enough time is allotted to each work in order to prevent any one task from taking up more time than is necessary.

As stated by Oladele (2000), motivation may be defined as the internal power that propels an individual to do appropriate action. It is possible that the most important factor that teachers should concentrate on in order to improve their pupils' learning capacities is increasing their motivation. It is possible that students' motivation and overall learning experience may be considerably improved if they were presented with a range of motivating experiences throughout each session.

The research conducted by Lei (2010) revealed that students who are driven by external factors are more likely to have worse academic achievement in comparison to those who are motivated by their own internal factors. Whether or whether a student is able to study and behave appropriately is dependent on the specific requirements of the individual. In addition, learning can only take place when the conduct is motivated by desire, since motivation is what drives pupils to succeed in their academic pursuits or studies. Beings of the human species, including students, are essentially complicated creatures that have a wide range of desires and goals. When it comes to students, it is quite improbable that any learning will take place unless students are continually motivated to study.

Oladele (2000) said in his essay that while conducting a survey, it is essential to read the section names in order to get a comprehensive grasp of the chapter's content. This comprehension may be obtained by reading the section headings. In the event that they are supplied, the introduction and summary of the chapter should be consulted. You should read a few phrases that are positioned at the beginning and the end of each paragraph. Pay attention to a few words, phrases, and concepts that are chosen at random. The relevance of this lies in the fact that it has the capacity to create certain anticipations and to familiarise the reader with the structure of the information as well as the writing style of the author.

In his study, Akinboye (2000) underlined the significance of students first studying the introduction and table of contents, and then going on to examine each individual topic material. Through the provision of the conceptual framework from which the material may be linked, scanning provides readers with an introduction to the overall structure of the content. Additionally, it provides students with information on the basic characteristics of the topic to which they are studying. At the very beginning of the reading experience, the reader need to have a crystal clear comprehension of what to expect. The notion, in its most basic form, gives the reader the ability to develop individualised and advanced study strategies.

In essence, the process of playing audio and then asking students to accomplish activities or playing audio and then asking them to answer comprehension questions is a sort of testing, as stated by Brown (2011). As a consequence of this, a considerable amount of emphasis is placed on evaluation and understanding of auditory information during listening exercise. In order for these audio recordings and notes to be useful, it is essential that they be reviewed on a regular basis and at regular intervals, particularly in the days leading up to an examination.

Taking this viewpoint into consideration, Dervill (1998) presented particular strategies to improve the efficiency of note-taking via the use of abbreviations that are short and to the point. For example, "b/w" might stand for "between," "c" could mean "with," and "b/w" could be a synonym for "before," among other possible interpretations to consider. If you are someone who writes slowly, you may find that these abbreviations are helpful. On the other hand, it is essential to take discretion and make certain that a note contains only ideas that are relevant to the situation. One of the most important factors that determines an individual's level of success in any educational setting is their level of academic accomplishment. There is a common belief that via the development of constructive routines and the acquisition of useful abilities, we may significantly improve our capacity to carry out tasks in an effective manner. The development of productive study habits and skills in the field of education is absolutely necessary for obtaining competence and ensuring that learning is of a high quality.

A mix of purposeful and inadvertent learning activities that are motivated by personal interests and needs and that take place across the many phases of an individual's life is what Chan Lin (2013) referred to as lifelong learning. Learning that continues throughout one's life is a process that is designed to enhance the growth of a person and assist them in realising their absolute potential in life. A further clarification was provided, which said that humans continually gain information, conceptual attitudes, and technical abilities in order to adapt to their circumstances for the sake of survival. Literacy for lifelong learning for elementary school pupils includes the cultivation of learning attitudes that are passionate and enthusiastic about learning.

In their study, Khan et.al (2023) delves into the impact of students' cognitive and emotional engagement on learning achievement in government primary male schools. Academic achievement was evaluated based on the level of success and productivity in academics. Information was collected through a survey questionnaire, which was administered to a sample of 120 male primary school teachers. We utilised descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation to evaluate the acquired data. The data analysis uncovered a significant link between student cognitive engagement and both academic success and productivity. The study's findings suggest that educational stakeholders should prioritise student engagement as a crucial factor in influencing distal outcomes, such as improved academic production and accomplishment. The study suggests that educators, decision-makers, and the research community should give more consideration to and find ways to enhance student engagement. In addition, educators should develop and execute a range of classroom activities that cater to students' cognitive functions. The findings have significant implications for academic programmes, institutions, teachers, and students.

Simbolon, (2024) seeks to investigate the impact of student involvement in organisations, motivation for learning, and learning behaviour on the academic performance of students at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Bengkulu University. This study employs a descriptive approach, focusing on quantitative data. The study included students from the Faculty of Economics and Business, Bengkulu University, who were enrolled in classes from 2020 to 2023 and actively involved in campus and external organisations. The sampling technique employed in this study involved a probability sampling method, with a total of 100 students selected as respondents. A questionnaire was utilised for data collection. The data analysis technique involves the utilisation of multiple regression analysis. The findings indicate a strong and meaningful correlation between student involvement in organisations and their academic performance. (2) There is no evidence to suggest that Learning Motivation has a positive impact on student academic achievement. (3) Learning behaviour has a strong and positive impact on learning achievement.

DISCUSSION

Ogbodo (2010) and Rogel, I.R. (2012) on the Relationship Between Student Behaviour and Academic Achievement

Rogel, I.R. (2012) contends that a student's academic achievement is influenced by a variety of factors, including socio-economic factors, parent factors, peer factors, and school factors.

In his article from 2010, Ogbodo makes the argument that parents send their children to school in order to gather knowledge for themselves and for their children.

The author Ogbodo (2010) contends that the process of learning is impacted by a variety of factors, including cognitive capabilities, physical development, dexterity, and the formation of values and interests.

Thompson (2014) investigates the potential impact that a student's actions have on their own learning as well as the learning of their peers within the context of an educational setting.

The quality of a student's academic achievement is the most significant criterion to take into consideration, according to Thompson (2014), who makes this conclusion.

An investigation of the relationship between academic accomplishment, learning styles, and academic behaviour was carried out in 2010 by Ralph A.T. and his colleagues.

The research investigated the extent to which the academic or learning habits of students had an impact on the overall academic performance of the students.

According to the findings of Alex's research from 2011, student conduct can be defined as the act of devoting a certain timetable and a period of uninterrupted time to active participation in the process of learning.

For example, reading, taking notes, and participating in study groups are all examples of activities that students engage in on a consistent basis as part of their study habits. The manner in which one approaches the process of studying has a considerable impact on the establishment of productive study habits as well as the attainment of academic success.

Specifically, Hussain (2006) and Bukhari and Randall (2009) discuss the role that parents play in the educational landscape.

Bukhari and Randall (2009) highlight the importance of parents in the educational system and the need for educational institutions to provide assistance in the process of designing and implementing financial models that have the potential to be successful in attracting and keeping a higher number of students.

In Lima (2011), the author discusses the significance of effective time management in boarding schools. As a result of the government's financial ability to fund massive education initiatives in Lima (2011), it is possible that the implementation of a tight time management system in boarding schools might greatly enhance the academic performance of students.

The Learning Environment and the School

The academic, community, safety, and institutional environment characteristics that impact the development of purposeful behaviours and psychological strategies are referred to as the "school climate." The phrase "school climate" is used to describe these variables.

A purposeful and attentive attempt to acquire knowledge by actively engaging with the subject matter is, according to one definition, what is meant by the term.

What is the Importance of Reading and Learning?

Your level of knowledge will rise in proportion to the quantity of reading you do.

The likelihood of going on adventures and travelling will increase in proportion to the amount of information you learn.

The influence of the environment on education

The environment has a substantial influence on the lives of people, including students, teachers, employers, and workers.

The environment has an effect on education. Students must cultivate their attitudes in order for them to become learners who continue their education throughout their lives.

Work Diary Management Hills and Ballow (2000) suggest that maintaining a work diary is an effective way to better manage one's time. The diary should be constructed in accordance with the unique objectives and goals of each individual, ensuring that sufficient time is allocated to each activity.

Affective and Learning Motivation

According to Oladele (2000), motivation is defined as the internal power that drives a person to do the necessary actions throughout a given situation. In order to increase their students' learning capacity, teachers should place a primary emphasis on boosting students' motivation.

According to the findings of Lei (2010), students who are motivated by external reasons are more likely to have worse academic accomplishment than students who are motivated by their own internal causes.

In order to get a full understanding of the chapter's material, Oladele (2000) places an emphasis on reading the section titles.

Akinboye (2000) emphasises the significance of pupils first studying the introduction and table of contents, and then moving on to explore the information that pertains to each specific subject.

While conducting listening exercises, Brown (2011) places an emphasis on evaluating and comprehending the information that is received via the ears. It is important to check audio recordings and notes on a consistent basis and at frequent intervals, especially in the days coming up to an examination.

The term "lifelong learning" was coined by Chan Lin (2013), who describes it as a combination of intentional and unintentional learning activities that occur throughout the many stages of an individual's life.

The development of learning attitudes that are passionate and enthusiastic about learning is an essential component of literacy for lifetime learning for students in elementary school.

CONCLUSION

Academic achievement holds great importance in the lives of students. The journey of education may have its challenges, but the rewards are worth it. The result of education reflects the level of achievement that students, teachers, and educational institutions have reached in their educational objectives. The significance of academic achievement lies in its ability to foster future success in one's present life. In Nigeria, numerous factors have been identified as influential in shaping students' study behaviour, emphasising the need for effective and efficient approaches. Factors that should be considered include the individual's health, motivation, mental state, the environment in which they study, and the availability of textbooks and well-equipped libraries. A research was conducted to carefully examine the causes of poor academic achievement among Nigerian students. Some factors that have been identified include low student intellectual ability, lack of achievement motivation, absence of goals, low self-esteem, a low socio-economic status of the family, poverty, and poor study behaviour. Education holds immense power to transform the world. Its focus was on ensuring the survival of both the individual and society. Successful academic achievement and performance rely on a student's capacity to effectively manage their time, create study plans, maintain focus, take thorough notes, engage in mental review, practise over learning, and employ various learning methods such as massed and distributed learning. Put simply, academic success is dependent on adopting effective study habits and developing the necessary skills. Given the significance of study behaviours in the learning process, it is essential to delve into their nature.

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