Themes, Reality of Society and Societal Values in Mulk Raj Anand’s Novel: Analytical Study

Anand models his novels on the contemporary European and American novelists, acquiring "social realism from Zola, Dickens, Tolstoy and Dostoevsky". Narayan looked to bargain solely with the lower white collar class groups of southern Indian with delicate, thoughtful incongruity in tragicomic mode, while Raja Rao harped on the Puranic Harikatha custom of narrating, and influenced an old village granny to unfurl the story in personal shape. Mulk Raj Anand's life and vocation can helpfully be isolated into three sections: the early years in India until his flight for England (1905-1925); the years abroad (1925 – 1945) and; the later years in India, from 1946 to 2004. The vital times of his living arrangement in India and abroad compare with the distinctive phases of his truly profession. The principal time frame uncovers the different strands that go into the molding of his brain and the impacts that later bore upon his writing. The second time frame is the most critical as it is worried about Anand's hard battle to end up a novelist, and the inevitable achievement that drove him to be appraised as 'the principal Indian novelist'. Be that as it may, the third time frame is somewhat a baffling one. Aside from Private life of an Indian Prince (1953) and the two delicate personal novels, Seven Summers (1968) and Morning Face (1968) his fiction of this period misses the mark regarding his prior accomplishments. Be that as it may, this period is, obviously, prominent for his worry with the social and social life in India, and particularly for his establishing and altering of the workmanship magazine, Marg. Anand's worry in his novels and short stories for the discouraged and oppressed has a feeling of criticalness and genuinely, predominantly in the class of social realism which has a totally extraordinary setting and an alternate class of characters. He had effectively distributed five books fluctuating in themes from Indian curries to Hindu perspective of craftsmanship, before he moved to fiction, for example, Persian Painting (1930), Curries and Other Indian Dishes (1932), The Hindu

The antiquated Indian scholarly custom was fundamentally oral i.e. sung or discussed. Subsequently, the most punctual records of a content might be later by a few centuries than the date of its sythesis. Moreover, maybe on the grounds that so much Indian literature is re-working of the Sanskrit stories, the Ramayana and the Mahabharata, and the fanciful writings known as Puranas, the writers regularly stay unknown. The Mahabharata is said to be the longest sonnet on the planet at 100,000 stanzas solid. The Mahabharata is eight times longer than Homer's two sagas (the Illiad and the Odyssey) consolidated! Amir Khusroo – a thirteenth century Sufi scholar and writer from India once went to Iran. In Iran he was requested to present himself. Also, his reaction was heavenly: ―Why are you requesting that I present myself! I am a parrot of India?

Mulk Raj Anand is for the most part known a novelist however he is additionally the most profitable Indian scholars writing short stories in English. He has around seventy short stories amazingly. These short stories are distributed in accumulations every single through hello there vocation. These accumulations are : The Lost Child and Other Stories(1934); The Barber's Trade Union and Other Stories(1944); Indian Fairy Tales(1946);The Tractor and the Corn Goddess and Other Stories(1947) Reflections on the Golden Bed and Other Stories(1953); The Power of Darkness and Other Stories(1959); More Indian Fairy Tales(1961); Lajwanti and Other Stories(1966); and Between Tears and Laughter(1973).

Mulk Raj Anand is known for his humanism. His humanistic principle has been put forward in detail in both "Statement of regret for Heroism" and the paper, "Prolegomena to a New Humanism" in lines kept in touch with an Indian Air. His humanism makes him a novelist with a mission, his main goal being to compose for the improvement and inspire of the under-canine of society. He has faith in the matchless quality of man. He demands the confidence of man independent of station, statement of faith, class, or riches. His campaign is against superstition, feudalism, and government. That is the reason he rejects God, Fate, Religion, Past, and Future. For writing this investigation the author has picked two novels of Mulk Raj Anand to center around the consuming issues of pre-autonomous Indian society, i.e. Untouchable and Coolie '. Anand's 'Untouchable' is a photo of a place, of a society, a photo of a place that is additionally an arraignment of the wrongs of a debauched and distorted conventionality. It is a Sociological archive that concentrations consideration through a sweeper kid, Bakha, on various traditions, customs, social-shades of malice, and so on of Hindu society amid 1930's. 'Untouchable' and 'Coolie' are called stories of social realism, since they have every one of the characteristics of extraordinary sagas, however in various ways. As per the antiquated Greeks, the epic is a story ballad, of more noteworthy degree and more prominent size, which has an awesome motivation. The characters of an epic lyric can be mostly human and halfway heavenly. In stories, the activity must be finished and incredible. An epic saint isn't a conventional individual. 'Untouchable' and 'Coolie' have similar characteristics of legends. Francis H. Stoddard expounds on a novel that Sharma cites as: In 'Untouchable' and 'Coolie', Mulk Raj Anand presents the Indian oppressed and workers with their issues, social dismissal, poverty, starvation, weakness, hopelessness, passing and embarrassment . Anand's undying production of the hero Bakha and Munoo speak to Indian society. One finds that in Bakha's life at each stage, catastrophe extends and escalates, with no relief. Bakha is a poor 'Untouchable', convention supporter who is a dreamer and can't consider conflicting with society, religion, convictions and the 'operators' of religious foundations.

Mulk Raj Anand's novels summed up with such huge numbers of actualities as this ace of literature has dynamic summon over dialect, which he has utilized as a part of the introduction of the sensible photo of the early many years of twentieth century in India to uncover the social foundation with the eye of social reformer. The achievement of such an examination ponder demonstrates, to the point that Mulk Raj Anand has humanistic and practical approach in his innovative work that is reflected in the portrayal of his characters. The early many years of twentieth century have strong impact on the novelist. He was very impacted by various schools of thought-particularly the Gandhian and the Russian Marxist. Then again, his childhood impression with his local foundation has made assortment of phonetic interest

has painted his works with social reality as well as made it required to ponder the sufferer and gave perfect arrangements. In conclusion one might say that Mulk Raj Anand has utilized his creative ability and innovative expertise to change certainties into fictions to introduce a sensible vision of life. He has sorted out his material with awesome care and expertise. His novels certainly reveal a topical solidarity. Mulk Raj Anand's abstract commitments outline pre-autonomy and present day India. His novels universalize issues which concern each man and each area. He delivers an awful vision of life yet additionally discovers resolutions to the issues it presents. In his novels he imagines a world penetrated with adoration and positive attitude.

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Research Scholar of OPJS University, Churu, Rajasthan