Experimental Study on Bricks by Using Demolished Construction Material

Construction and demolition (C&D) waste is generated whenever any construction and demolition activities takes place such as building, bridges, roads flyover, malls and by the demolition of old buildings, widening of roads, remodelling, etc. C & D material consists mostly of inert and non-biodegradable material such as concrete, plaster, metal, plastics etc. These wastes are heavy, bulky and occupy considerable space in huge amount on the road sides. It is estimated that the construction sector in India generates about 10-12 million tons of wastes annually, It is more often dumped in open and low-lying areas; however, recent recognition of the potential for diversion of waste components from landfills has laid C&D waste becoming a topic of interest for recycling. The management of C&D waste is of major concern due to the shortage of dumping areas and increase in transportation and disposal costs. C&D waste spread across our cities chokes surface drains, interrupt traffic operation and is an unpleasant look on the urban landscape. Recycling of C&D waste has important conclusion on natural resources and environment. Partial replacement of building materials by use of C&D waste would lead to reduction of sand mining from river beds or cutting of rocks. Industrialized countries have system in place for recycling of construction and demolition debris. Appropriate management of C&D waste would thus be greatly beneficial for our country as a whole such as; ⫸ To comply with policy, legislation and regulation on waste management such as disposal. ⫸ To provide an economical alternative to the C&D industry for land-based disposal, as recycling is more sustainable and the cost of land-filling is increasing ⫸ To eliminate illegal dumping and associated negative impacts on the landscape, especially in rural areas. ⫸ To control waste disposal thereby reducing the transportation costs ⫸ To conserve natural resources and reduce our dependency on materials ⫸ To reduce the volumes of waste being diverted to landfill

The C&D plant can efficiently recover bricks, sand and concrete which can be reused. Thus the process not only helps in reducing waste, but also indirectly leads to decreasing pollution. Therefore this process is being looked at by scientists and engineers throughout the world.

The bricks are made of dimensions (230mm x 125mm x 75mm). Bricks were made from fly ash, lime, cement and crushed C&D material by 0%, 10%, 20%,30% material by weight. The fly ash, lime, cement, crushed sand, C&D material and water was added according to the optimum moisture content were mixed together by wheel mixer and transfer the mixture to the brick manufacturing machine where the mixture is feed into the moulds and compacted by hydraulic pressure. The wet bricks were left to air-dry for over two-three days in the sun. Slow drying was necessary to prevent the bricks from cracking. Finally, the completely sun dried bricks are place for curing with water for 7 days. Compressive strength was determined for the 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% C&D material containing bricks using a CTM testing machine. A loading was applied to the bricks until they failed and maximum loading rate was recorded. The compressive strength was taken as the average result from a set of 3 tests for each respective brick type.

C&D material is collected from the demolished sites. The concrete waste material is crushed and then this material was sieved using 1.18mm, 600 microns, 300 microns, 150 microns, 75micron & Pan. The crushed C&D material is then weighed and packed in ratios of 10%, 20%, and 30%.

The bricks produced using C&D material is observed for its various characteristics such as colour, shape, size, texture and hardness. The performance is also tested by finding their compressive strength developed, water absorption for mix proportion of bricks. The results obtained are discussed in detail in the following sections.

The test was carried out by immersing the bricks in cold water for 24 hours after that its change in weight is calculated for water absorption test as shown in figure 5.Water absorption percentage after 24 hrs immersion in cold water is given by the formula,

The water absorption of bricks produced using C&D material for various mix proportions used in this study are determined as given in the table 1.

The compressive strength of bricks produced using C&D material with various mix proportions are tested by using compression Testing Machine as shown in figure 7. Average compressive strength of the given bricks is given in Table 2.

This project is done to find out if construction and demolished material can be utilized or substituted

1. The colour, shape, size, and texture of the bricks were found to be satisfactory. 2. The water absorption property of all the bricks manufactured with C&D material is similar to the water absorption value of normal bricks. 3. The compressive strength of bricks manufactured with C&D material is found to be equally strong as compare to the normal brick 4. Compressive strength of 20% C&D material brick is 23.42 N/ highest. 5. From the results obtained we concluded that upto 20% we are able to replace C&D material with crushed sand.

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Assistant Professor, JSPM‘sImperial College of Engineering & Research, Wagholi, Pune