An Analysis on the Role and Opportunities of Co-Operative Marketing for Economic Developments of India

INTRODUCTION

Cooperative is an imperative tool of economic development in rustic India, with regards to cooperative marketing in India, it gives a thought of aggregate endeavors to accomplish explicit target to do marketing procedure for agricultural products. The cooperative marketing emerges because of the pervasiveness of numerous imperfections in the private and open marketing framework. This idea was first presented in the European nations. It is characterized as type of association, where in person deliberately partner together as individuals, based on balance for the advancement if economic interests of themselves. The cooperatives territory has expected a principal part in the economy of the country and has been recommended as an essential piece of national economy. It has made basic responsibilities in agro-dealing with, flow of data sources like fertilizers, space and marketing. The cooperative marketing has three distinct properties that separate from different business. They are part asserted; parts directed and produce part benefit. Marketing cooperatives deals with the marketing of agrarian processing, for instance sustenance grains and business products. Marketing cooperative are similarly serves to meet the essentials of the agriculturists. The Cooperative marketing has displayed assorted ideal conditions on the agriculturists. Regardless, as opposed to marketing their produce freely, they feature it together through one organization. An in number marketing cooperative have accomplished, better expenses for agrarian get ready. Marketing Cooperatives are incorporated into marketing of compound excrements, pesticides, country mechanical assembly and gears and green things. Co-employable marketing societies are constrained risk foundations. They orchestrate the gathering and clearance of the produce of their members. Processing is additionally attempted on account of cotton marketing societies. As an issue of guideline, these societies discard the produce of their members on a commission premise. With their constrained methods, they think that its hard to hold stock fully expecting an ascent in price. Typically the members contract with their societies to supply the entire or a clear piece of their produce for a stipulated period. The produce, which is, in this manner gathered, is either unloaded or deals are consulted with purchasers for the parcel. U. P., Bombay and Madras are the three regions where cooperative marketing has made striking steps as of late. In the accompanying sections, an endeavor has been gained to evaluate the ground of cooperative marketing in every one of them. U. P. has made momentous progress in the co-employable marketing of stick. Stick societies were

and furthermore to fix courses and complete improvement of streets. These societies are assembled into "Stick Development and Marketing Unions". Subsequent to looking over the accessible stick, these associations go into contracts with the industrial facilities. The members are issued order slips before two days of the due date of supply. Conventional marketing includes a few inter-mediatory stages inside this procedure. The outcome is that the consumer pays an over the top price and the producer gets an extremely low price just for his production. Normally, it is in the interests of both producer just as consumer that the quantity of ventures in the marketing procedure be diminished however much as could reasonably be expected. The outcomes will be that the producer will win more and the consumer will save money. Marketing cooperatives help to sell their members ranch products and limit the arrival that they get for these merchandise. Their tasks are very differentiated and complex. Some marketing cooperatives play out a set number of capacities, while others vertically coordinate their activities with the goal that they perform more capacities that increase the value of their members products as they move from the ranch to the consumer. The marketing cooperatives help the farmer members in procuring, storing, processing and marketing their agricultural produce. Along these lines the producers are shielded from misuse by the go betweens and get closeout clearance of agricultural produce of members in the controlled market or they make by and large buy or they go about as specialists of the poducer-members and impact deals on office premise by gathering administration charges from the members. The cooperative marketing societies have been set up with the object of encouraging the marketing of agricultural produce of its members at a gainful price other than dispersing ranch contributions to them propelling vow advance an agricultural produce and undertaking the processing and increasing the value of the agricultural produce dealt with.

The favorable circumstances that cooperative marketing can give on the farmer are diverse, some of which are recorded underneath: • Increases bargaining quality of the farmers: If the farmers hold hands and structure a cooperative society, they will most likely increment their bargaining quality in light of • Direct dealings with conclusive purchasers: It pariah an intermediaries which takes out the exploiters and guarantees reasonable prices to both, the producers and the consumers. • Provision of credit: The marketing cooperative societies give credit to the farmers to spare them from the need of selling their produce following reaping. This guarantees better comes back to the farmers. • Easier and less expensive transport: This lessens the expense and botheration of transporting produce to the market. • Storage facilities: The cooperative marketing societies by and large have storage offices. In this way, the farmers can sit tight at better costs; likewise there is no peril to their harvest from downpours, rodents and robberies. • Grading and institutionalization: This assignment should be possible more effectively for a cooperative organization than for an individual farmer. For this reason they can look for help from the legislature or can even develop their very own grading plans. • Market knowledge: The cooperatives can organize to acquire information on market prices, request and supply and other related data from the business sectors all the time and can design their exercises as needs be. • Influencing market prices: While already the market prices were dictated by the intermediaries and shippers and the powerless farmers were insignificant onlookers compelled to acknowledge whatever was offered to them, the cooperative societies have changed the whole composition of the amusement. • Provision of information sources and consumer products: The Cooperative marketing societies can without much of a stretch orchestrate mass buy of agricultural data sources like seeds, composts, manures, pesticides, and so on., and consumer merchandise at generally lower prices and would then be able to distribute them to the members. • Processing of agricultural produce: The Cooperative societies can embrace processing exercises like smashing oil

According to the Reserve Bank of India "a cooperative marketing social request is a fraternity of cultivators surrounded fundamentally with the true objective of urging the parts to promote their produce more helpfully than possible through the private trade". The National Commission on Agriculture, plot provincial marketing as "a procedure which starts with a decision to create a saleable farm product and it incorporates all pieces of business structure of system, both utilitarian what's increasingly institutional, in light of particular and money related considerations and joins preand post-collect tasks, gathering, looking into, space, transportation and assignment, etc". As needs be, cooperative marketing might be recognized as a technique of marketing of creator which engages the producers to promote their produce at better costs, joined by the arrangement of verifying better marketing organizations, and finally giving to change in the desire for regular daily existence of parts. It is critical to take note of that a social request containing a get together of people essentially with the ultimate objective of offering products changed by other can't be known as a cooperative marketing social request.

Steady with the gathering on cooperative marketing, there are certain one of a kind attributes annexed to farming marketing which isn't equivalent to that of produced products. They are shown underneath. • perish Ability of the Product – Most of the farm things are transitory in nature, the period transforming from two or three hours to relatively few months. • seasonable Production – Farm things are essentially occasional and can't be changed all as the year progressed. • bulkiness of Products – The typical for awkwardness of for the most part farm things makes their transportation and space troublesome and nonsensical. • variation in Quality of Products – There is a considerable assortment in the idea of country things which makes their assessing and standardization somewhat difficult. standard conditions. • small Size and Scattered Production – Farm things are arranged all through the country and a huge bit of the creators are of minimal size. • processing – Most of the residence things must be dealt with after their use by a conclusive purchasers.

Two sorts of cooperative marketing structures are found in India. Under the principal type, there is a two-level framework with essential societies at the base and the State society at the peak. Under the second kind, there is a three-level framework with essential societies at the town level, Central marketing societies at the area level, and the State marketing society at the pinnacle. At present, the cooperative marketing structure includes 2,633 broadly useful essential cooperative marketing societies at the Mandi level, covering all the vital mandies in the nation, 3,290 specific essential marketing societies for oilseeds, and so on., 172 locale Central Federations and the National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing Federation of India Ltd., (NAFED) at the national dimension. NAFED is the summit cooperative marketing association managing in acquisition, dissemination, fare and import of chosen agricultural wares.

The Committee on Cooperative Marketing recommended that "the what's to come case of mixture of marketing co-specialists should be a two level structure, with the apex social request at the state level, basic marketing social request at the mandi level and appendages of peak social requests at the district or nearby dimension. National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing Federation (NAFED) The NAFED is a chosen mixture of state level zenith co-specialist marketing social requests in India. It was made in 1958 with its focal station in New Delhi. It's supervisor limit is to encourage the activities of state partnerships, what's more renders discussion and particular course to them. The group in like manner attempts convey and between state trade. Indian Marketing Federation-These alliances limit at the state level and are proposed to fill in as pinnacle associations in the interest of the collaborated social request parts. They are similarly

general sense busy with discount or syndication apportionment of compound fertilizers, controlled products like iron and steel, and customer stock like solid, sugar, light oil, wheat, rice, bistro, seeds, farming achieves, bug showers, milk powder, etc. They in like manner process agrarian produce, attempt development of go-downs, changing units, and collecting plants for manures. They in like manner co-ordinate crafted by cooperative marketing social requests and work in close participation with government division worried about marketing of plant process, green information sources, regular supplies, etc. Zone or Regional Marketing Societies - The central or region marketing social requests are required to encourage the limits of basic marketing social requests both as for marketing of country change and dissemination of rustic fundamentals and client stock and similarly embrace planning, and where irreplaceable between district trade, etc. In evident practice these social requests are generally busy with the dispersal of agricultural processing necessities like excrements and critical client articles. Basic Agricultural Marketing Societies (PAMS) - The basic marketing social requests are all around put at the assistant business or discount gathering focuses. Then again, in very few states, marketing social requests were requested at the headquarters of the piece or taluka with their district developing to square or a taluka by and large.

It tends to be reasoned that cooperative marketing is basic in advancing the Agriculture produce since cooperative marketing decreases the expense of marketing and masterminds great price to the members of cooperative marketing. If the business achievements and figures of Indian Markfed interminably since organizing of the new state are totally observed, no doubt, it may be resolved that Markfed is steadily powerful being created of the welfare and life standard of the minor and medium farmers, taking after the headings and administers of the state government, additionally similarly got triumph in fulfilling its focuses. This has enabled Markfed to get various rewards on national dimension, thusly Markfed and the state is abundantly satisfied. This, just as Markfed is guaranteed and occupied with getting new strategies and much productive courses for upgrade of its business works out. Government of India. 2. GoI. (2009) Report of the High Powered Committee on Cooperatives, Government of India. 3. GoI. Report on Task Force on Revitalization of Non-Credit Cooperatives. 4. Guidelines for 56th All India Cooperative Week Celebrations. 5. Guidelines for 58th All India Cooperative Week Celebrations. 6. Jaganadha Rao: ―56th All India Cooperative week celebrations, Prakash District Cooperative Marketing Society, Sahakara Samacharam (Vol. VIII, No.29, November, 2009) P.38. 7. Mathur B.S. (2001). Cooperation in India. Sahitya Bhavan, Agra. 8. P. K. Mishra (2002). ―Agricultural Marketing Cooperatives in India‖ NCDC Bulletin, December 2002, p. 15. 9. P. Rajanna (2005). ―Agricultural Cooperative Credit Sector in Karimnagar District‖, Sahakara Samacharam (Vol. VIII, No.25, November 2005) pp. 35-42. 10. R. D. Bedi (2003). Theory, History and practice of co-operation (Meerut, U.P., International Publishing House, 2003) p.16. 11. Singh L. P.: Cooperative Marketing in India and Abroad. Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai. 12. T. Subbi Reddy and M. Hampanna (2000). Essays on consumer cooperatives (New Delhi: Deep & Deep Publications, 2000). p. 16.

Lecturer, Department of Commerce, AMSSS, Jhiri, Biruwala Gudha, Baragudha Block, Sirsa District, Haryana State, India