Paul’s Case: A Study in Temperament

Exploring the Psychoanalytical Themes in Willa Cather's 'Paul's Case: A Study in Temperament'

by Shalini .*,

- Published in Journal of Advances and Scholarly Researches in Allied Education, E-ISSN: 2230-7540

Volume 16, Issue No. 1, Jan 2019, Pages 1213 - 1216 (4)

Published by: Ignited Minds Journals


ABSTRACT

Willa Cather compositions specially affect the perusers. The development in her career is clearly appeared in her works. In her initial works, Cather is increasingly similar to Henry James. She is enlivened by his works and thinks about him as a powerful ace of language. Her works consistently mirrors the public. This short story, Paul's Case A Study in Temperament mirrors the psycho idea of a kid in the absence of motherly care. This story may not be incorporated into her developed works, yet it makes another route for the perusers to investigations her compositions. It has a lamentable end with the passing of Paul. The portrayal of his character in the opening and subsequent to taking the cash encourages us see the New York City man's life and regular individual's life. Sigmund Freud's hypothesis is likewise used to investigations Paul's inclination. This paper is an endeavor to draw out the psycho problems of Paul and its impact in the life of Paul. Paul's Case' as exemplified by the strangeness, unusual affectability, isolates quality, deep rooted feeling of fear which Paul depicts just as his sicken at human touch, and his inability to express straightforwardly his furious feelings, which are, in this paper, explained and shown by various sections from the story. With a psychoanalytical report top to bottom of Paul as its fundamental point, this paper comes in its far-reaching investigation of the short story in the accompanying segments 1. Cather's division in her perspective on the city of Pittsburgh 2. Paul the Scapegoat 3. Anecdotal structure in 'Paul's Case' 4. Schizoid issue in Paul 5. Symbolic utilization of blooms and hues in the story 6. Cather's perspective as endeavored in this paper, a more profound comprehension of the story will, 5 this author accepts, be touched base at through a legendary methodology (as in Paul the Scapegoat) notwithstanding a psychoanalytical one.

KEYWORD

Willa Cather compositions, career development, Henry James, psycho concept, motherly care, tragic end, New York City, Sigmund Freud's theory, psycho problems, Paul's Case, strangeness, sensitivity, fear, human touch, angry emotions, psychoanalytical study, Pittsburgh division, scapegoat, fictional structure, schizoid disorder, symbolism, mythological approach

1. INTRODUCTION

Paul's case: A Study in Temperament is a short story of Paul, who has lost his parental care from his youth. Willa Cather weaves his psychological plan. Paul's Case is the account of a young fellow who attempted to live at home. In the opening, Willa Cather presents Paul as an unpleasant kid, who is not preferred by his educators. The educators gripe his mannerisms and his physical practices. Paul's character is a structure of his youth experience. In Paul Cather's "Paul Case" case, a young fellow named Paul was disappointed with her family and school life. He was most joyful when he worked at Carnegie Hall. As his musings still existed when he was not in the Carnegie Hall, his examination was influenced. At the point when his dad found an issue at school, Paul was ousted from Carnegie Hall, was detracted from the school, and began working. At some point, making a course for the corporate store, Paul chose to go through some cash to go to New York to encounter what he thought he was damned. Paul's contextual analysis Willa Catherine's "Paul Case" is an anecdote around a multi-year old young fellow Paul who has no mother and is estranged. The absence of care of Paul's mother prompted his alienation. He searches for the style of life, and these feel are not from the yellow backdrop of his home and the overwhelming and overwhelming picture of his dad. Paul isn't keen on school, his lone joy is working at Carnegie Hall, longing for a luxurious existence of the day. A few reports are talking about on youth experience. These experiences play a vital role in molding the nature of a person's character. The experiences from birth to five years shape the kids' long haul enthusiastic and psychological wellbeing. Willa Cather carefully mixes this psychological issue of Paul in the tale of Paul's case: A Study in Temperament. Nobody can clarify Paul's conduct and his mannerisms. At the point when the educators are assembled to turn out with their troublesome time, Paul cruises on the blast of analysis with his grins. The instructors imagine that he is ignoring their worries. Cather through Paul manages this nature of dismissal. This short story cannot be incorporated into her typical points of view. Its opening and the development of this short story alongside the performance of Paul is just magnificent. Nevertheless, this short story is unique. Paul's feeling of discouragement and his repulsion by the regularity and ordinariness of his white-collar class neighborhood is unmistakably delineated by the selection of words. Rather than buckling down, Willa Cather calmly works with the character. She presents Paul as a psychologically affected young man, surprising every one of the readers. Many readers and many pundits investigate that Paul experiences psychological instability. Sigmund Fraud's hypothesis of psychology is very pertinent to Paul. Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic hypothesis is astonishing. Freud puts forward his thought as

2. LAYERS OR REGIONS

• Conscious: Our present musings, feelings and concentrate live this place. • Pre Conscious: (now and again called the Subconscious). This is the home of all that we can review or recover from our memory. • Unconscious: At the most profound level lives a store of the procedures that drive our conduct, including crude and instinctual wants. Freud utilized the relationship of a chunk of ice to depict the tree levels of the brain. On the surface is consciousness, which consists of those contemplations that are the focal point of our consideration now, and this is viewed as a hint of something larger. The preconscious consists of all, which can be recovered from memory. The third and the hugest area is the unconscious. Here untruth the procedures that are the genuine reason for generally conduct. Like an icy mass, the most significant piece of the psyche is the part you cannot see. Following the hypothesis of Freud, Paul's brain is an ice shelf. In his unconscious personality, he has an incredible connection to his mother. His mother died when he was a youngster in Colorado. His dad is certainly not a strong individual to Paul. His lectures and his advice increment the repugnance of Paul towards school life. Paul's dad is severe and hardworking. Nonetheless, he cannot become the healer of Paul's brain. From the earliest starting point of this story, Paul is the impression of his unconscious memories. The life in New York City and the people in New York City ruin the brain of Paul. He is as of now a psychologically affected young man. Along these lines, he cannot fit to his home and his living. To have an ideal method for living, he takes cash and attempts to be a richer and more joyful man. He cherishes music and workmanship. Fundamentally, cash and purchases an expensive wardrobe, leases a room at a Waldrof – Astoria Hotel and loiters around the city. For seven days, he carries on with a prosperous life, which is, his solitary expectation and dream. It is imperative to consider his initial experiences. His restrains feelings are observed to be the base for the new experiences of this creative mind. Paul is normally playing out his employments well. He cannot process those people who are unwinding and getting a charge out of. In the wake of stealing cash from his activity, he invests an exquisite energy for seven days. In any case, from that point onward, he understands that his burglary has been found and announced by the Pittsburg newspapers. Paul feels that he cannot return to his life. He would not like to confront his dad's resentment. Therefore, he jumps before an up and coming train. His self-destructive personality triggers many commentators and many readers. The individuals who are perusing and getting a charge out of Willa Cather will locate another track in this short story. Willa Cather works are never genuine. In any case, Paul is constantly genuine from the earliest starting point. He conceals his seriousness through his grins at every single situation. Willa Cather's novels are loaded up with natural care, for the most part, it has incredible impact in her very own understanding, and her compositions can be taken as a historical note. When examining her compositions profoundly, this Paul is very not the same as her typical hero. At the point when the story proceeds onward, one can imagine that Paul is confronting his life strikingly and enthusiastically. In any case, his suicidal end to his life makes us feel for his feelings. His psychological issue very influences us. Cather presents Paul as a young kid. However, his mannerisms do not fit alongside nature. He needs to be a rich man, and he wants to invest his energy and life pampering. While he has cash, he has gone through seven days in a rich inn and he lives as he wishes. As he has tasted that joyful life, he would not like to return to his genuine in Pittsburg. Willa Cather presents both the luxurious New York life and the opposite side of New York people's life. Paul is an extraordinary case of poor kid who is aching for that rich life. Cather prevails about demonstrating the distinction of life. Nevertheless, Paul cannot have the distinction and cannot discover him amidst the manners in which he really has throughout his life. While depicting the personality, in the site of psyche, it discusses five characteristics of personality. They are I) Openness ii) Conscientiousness iii) Extraversion iv) pleasantness v) Neuroticism. Anyway, these qualities of personality are being included in Paul's character. Paul's personality can be classified under

and passionate flimsiness. His personality, which has neuroticism, opens up exceedingly in the start of the novel. Paul's youth experiences are the ice shelf molds, which shape his personality. In the conscious level, he carries on as though he can deal with everything effectively. Nevertheless, he struggles to bob back to the situation. Paul steals from Denny and Carson, and he goes through his time on earth as he envisioned before. His robbery has been recognized, yet his dad has satisfied his obligation. Paul wants to come back to his road life. Cather's characters typically have the nature of enduring. In her novels, her characters, Antonia, Thea get by with all the chances. Cather's characters struggle to live and endeavor hard to modify their situation. Nevertheless, her short story, Paul's Case is very extraordinary. Paul, who is the hero of this story, does not have any desire to carry on with his life. He needs to be a rich man; he wants to carry on with a luxurious existence of New York. Nevertheless, he falls before the train and it is an unfortunate finish of the story. This purpose of character ought to be examined. This happened because of his youth experience. As he has lost his parental care, he has no self-control to stand and face his life. Cather sorts out Paul‘s mind development. She can understand the intensity of motherly care. Paul's nature is molded from his youth experience. Willa Cather did not concentrate on his youth experience and his youth days. In any case, by the demeanor of Paul, one can find that he is aching for care. To conceal himself from his concern, he is impolite and brutal, and to live away from his depression, he needs to go through his time on earth luxuriously. From the earliest starting point of a child's life, its mother is the most significant figure of connection. The absence of mother figure can have real outcomes. Some are: Negative feelings: The child may experience feelings of forlornness or uselessness, given that they do not get the care and affection they need. This, thus, can prompt displeasure or disappointment. Poor Behavior: This incorporates not reacting for guidelines, making unreasonable demands as harming themselves or others. In progressively broad terms, the child may appear to be continually feeling terrible. These are common reactions to the absence or loss of a parent or comparative figure. Tolerance and affection are vital about helping children experience this phase. Problems with social relationships: Along similar lines, the child's other social relational boats may likewise endure. Regardless of whether because of absence of trust or in light of the fact that they have not taken in the vital social abilities, children with a missing mother figure will in general experience difficulty associating with others. They may likewise them. Passionate Imbalance: This implies fractiousness low confidence, depression, uneasiness, absence of motivation and the sky is the limit from there. Health Issue: Faced with the misfortune or absence of their mother a few children may lose their craving, combined with the intense subject matters depicted over, this can prompt problems with the child's physical health. The above discussions are made in the website of https://youaremom.com/children/ absent-mother-affects-children/, in this website, it is strongly discussed the feelings of a child in the absence of motherly care. And it also says how to deal and handle such child or to overcome the feelings. Paul is an affected child, yet he attempts to shroud it through his odd practices. Cather obviously delineates and she pictures the displeasure of Paul in the public and his feeling of surrender. This is her extraordinary achievement. In this short story, one can undoubtedly fix Sigmund Freud's hypothesis. His hypothesis underscores on the concealed feelings. The people can see these burst out concealed feelings clearly. Paul is likewise shaded and drawn by Cather by his enthusiastic connection. While perusing the story, everybody can appreciate and feel for Paul. When one profoundly moves into the story, it very well may be understood that Paul is made to indicate how the childhood experiences influence the life of a young man. Cather prevails with regards to drawing his character. Early Cather is increasingly similar to Henry James. She is exceedingly affected by his compositions. Being a previous work, Paul's Case is not progressively responsible with Cather's composition style. She is said to be as "Present day". In Paul's Case, Cather demonstrates her adolescence level in her composition style. In Paul's Case, readers can discover Cather's relationship with the public. Its persuasions are well familiar with the setting of the story. She speaks to the bustling New York City through the eyes of Paul. Paul does not tumble from the quality. Paul has a quality and uniqueness. Despite the fact that the story reached an end with the suicide of Paul, it promises to be in the core of the readers.

3. CONCLUSION

The story starts in modern Pittsburgh at the tallness of American mechanical extension and when riches, influence, and material values are preeminent and overwhelm the idea and objectives of the country. Paul is a loner inside and out, and the peruse is given a nitty gritty portrayal of his contentions with school, home, and society. Paul is not quite the same as his friends. He dresses with a sort of dandified class, donning extravagant neckwear and a blossom in his lapel. He is exhausted with school world, and his dad, who appears to be inaccessible and preoccupied with cash and diligent work, has raised him. Paul's genuine love, his solitary genuine mental and spiritual life, is by all accounts acknowledged in the marvelousness and shade of the universe of theater and music. He works low maintenance as an attendant in Carnegie Hall, where shows are held. There he loses himself in the music, the sparkle of performance, and the fantasy of a world that is sensual and very expelled from the dull day-to-day needs and schedules of his local and school universes. He needs to be seen, to be significant, and he is by all accounts without the psychological hardware that empowers others to acknowledge the restrictions and substances of their circumstances. Paul makes for himself a fantasy life that powers him to lie constantly.

4. REFERENCES

1. Czernicki, Martha (2017). ―Fantasy and Reality in Willa Cather's PAUL'S CASE", The Explicator. 75 (4): pp. 242. 2. Sirridge, Marjorie (2017). ―Paul's Case", ―NYU School of Medicine. Retrieved December 3 2017‖. 3. William Thomas (2014). ―The Execution of a Homosexual in Cather's Paul's Case". 4. Jorden, James (2014). ―New and Improved: In Paul's Case, a Young Opera Festival Yields Its First Masterpiece". 5. Obertino, James (2012). ―Paul's Case' and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder", The Explicator. 70 (1): pp. 49–52. 6. Summers, Claude J. (January 1, 2009). "A Losing Game in the End": Aestheticism and Homosexuality in Cather's Paul's Case‖, MFS Modern Fiction Studies. 7. Jane Nardin (2008). ―Homosexual Identities in Willa Cather's 'Paul's Case‖, Literature & History. 17. Pp. 31-46. 10.7227/LH.17.2.3. 8. Goldberg, Jonathan (2001). Willa Cather and Others. Durham: DukeUp. 9. Rosowski, Susan J.: ―Recent on Willa Cather: An Essay Review.‖Modern Fiction Studies 10. Butxher, Fanny (1972). Many Lives – One Love .New York: Harper & Row.

Corresponding Author Shalini*

M.A., M.Phil., Bed, NET, Lecturer in English, GGSSS Dighal, Haryana shalinidalal12@gmail.com