The role of coalition politics in shaping federal governance dynamics in India: A critical study

Abstract

Government and administration at both the federal and state levels have been revolutionised as a result of coalition politics, which has become an essential component of India's political system, particularly after the year 1989. A shift away from single-party dominance and towards coalition government, which seeks to create more inclusive and representative forms of leadership, has been motivated by the complex social, economic, and political environment of India. This shift has been brought about by the rise of the coalition government. Despite the fact that coalition politics have enhanced political inclusiveness and provided broader demographic representation, they have also brought about challenges such as political instability, policy paralysis, and governance inefficiencies. These challenges have been brought about by coalition politics. On the other hand, coalitions often result in sluggish decision-making and watered-down policies owing to the ongoing need for compromise and debate among coalition members. Coalitions promote involvement in decision-making, but they frequently result in these outcomes. Within the scope of this in-depth examination, a variety of aspects of coalition politics in Indian administration are thoroughly investigated. Political stability and instability, policy formulation and execution, regional representation and federalism, administration and governance, political compromises and corruption, and the influence on key social and economic changes are some of the topics that are included in this category. By looking into these issues within the context of the largest democracy in the world, the overriding objective of the research is to shed light on the benefits and drawbacks of coalition politics as it relates to the government of India.