The present day of investigation, Aluminium is used as the matrix material due to its higher strength and ductility of the aluminium alloys. Aluminium alloy exhibits excellent mechanical properties like mach inability and good bearing and wear properties.[2] Metal Matrix Composites is used to disperse or spread the reinforcing material into a matrix of metal, and which implies the name as ductile metal. Reinforcement improves the strength of the material, better thermal properties, specific weight and strength of the material, stiffness property and all mechanical properties holds good. By using these materials may aim at higher temperature service than the base metal parts [1].The main aim is involved in designing the metal composite materials as matrix in order to incorporate the desirable qualities of metals and ceramics. [NAYANA D A, et al.] This paper is to evaluate Tribological and Mechanical properties of composites with different volume fraction from their results. MMCs give better results for Hardness and Tensile properties.

Iron 0.0 - 0.7 Silicon 0.4 - 0.8 Magnesium 0.8 - 1.2 Zinc 0.0 - 0.25 Manganese 0.0 - 0.15 Copper 0.15 - 0.40 Titanium 0.0 - 0.15 Chromium 0.04 - 0.35 Other elements 0.05 - 0.15

2. METHODOLOGY

Fly ash is a by product of thermal power plant and it is used as reinforcement material with aluminium alloy (Al6061). It is processed by stir casting method to prepare the specimen. Fly ash of 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% were taken in the form of fine powder to prepare the specimen.

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The material should be turned to the diameter of 8mm and a length of 30mm in lathe machine and the end faces of specimen should be smooth. One end of the specimen should be polished smoothly by using emery paper of different grades. The shape of the pin is in cylindrical form which is equal to diameter of 8mm and length of 30mm. The disc has diameter of 180mm and 12mm of thickness.

The fig 2 shows that the, at 0% and 2% of fly ash wear of the specimen increases and decreases at 4% again then increased at 6% and 8% for a speed of 1m/s at constant load of 2kg as shown in above graph. For a speed of 2m/s wear rate increases as the fly ash increases. At speed of 3m/s wear of the specimen increases at 0%, 2%, 4%, 6% and gradually decreases at 8%.

The above fig 3 shows that the wear of the specimen increases at 0% and gradually decreases at 2% to 8% for velocity of 1m/s at a constant load of 3kg. At 0% wear rate of the sample increases and gradually decreases at 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% for a speed of 2m/s at a load of 3kg.

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Fig 4 shows that, wear of the specimen increased at 0% and gradually decreases in the weight fraction of fly ash of 2% to 8% for a speed of 1m/s at constant load of 4kg. In second case the wear increases at 0% and remains decreased at varying % of fly ash. Wear rate increase as the weight percentage of fly ash particles increases at 0% and decreases as the weight % of fly ash is increases and again decreases at 4% to 8% with a speed of 3m/s at constant load of 4kg.

The above fig 5 shows the results of wear test. The wear rate is more in ductile material is more compared to brittle material. By addition of fly ash in ductile material increases the ductility of material for some extent. As the fly ash increases wear rate of the specimen also increases with increase in load at 2%. Further addition of fly ash in Al 6061 composite wear rate is reduced at constant speed of 1m/s.

Fig 6 shows that as the load increases at a speed of 2m/s Wear rate of the specimen also increases at 2kg load and wear rate gradually decreases as the load increases for a constant speed of 2m/sec.

From the above fig 7 it shows that, as the load increases wear of Al increases but in the same way decreases with the addition of fly ash it is because of load is increased and it is due to friction at the contact surface and rotating disc increases.

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The above fig 8 clearly shows the micrograph of wear test. The removal of material by impact, cracks which are generated along by particle pull at the outer surface can be observed clearly. Worn surfaces can also be viewed by this study. It also reveals the presence of a large number of narrow cut over the whole surface.

Aluminium metal matrix had been fabricated successfully with the uniform dispersion of fly ash particles. Distribution of fly ash particles improves the wear behaviour of composites. Wear rate decreases as the speed and load increases.

Naresh Prasad, Harekurshna Sutar, Subhash Chandra Mishra, Santosh Kumar Shaoo and Samir Kumar Acharya, ―Dry Sliding Wear Behaviour of Aluminium Matrix Composite using Red Mud an Industrial Waste‖, International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry, 3(1), 59-74, 2013. Viney Kumar, Rahul Dev Gupta, N K Batra, ―Comparison of Mechanical Properties and effect of sliding velocity on wear properties of Al 6061, Mg 4%, Fly ash and Al 6061, Mg4%,

2014.

Anilkumar H. C, H. Suresh Hebbar, ― Effect of Particle Size of Fly ash on Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Aluminium alloy (Al6061) Composites andTheir Correlations‖, International Journal of Mechanic Systems Engineering (IJMSE), Volume 3, 2013.

PG Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Basaveshwar Engineering College, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India