Mechanical Characterisation of Jute and Coir Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites for Wind Turbine Blades
Exploring the Use of Natural Fiber Composites in Wind Turbine Technology
by Mr. Ganesh R. Kalagi*, Dr. Rajashekar Patil,
- Published in Journal of Advances in Science and Technology, E-ISSN: 2230-9659
Volume 12, Issue No. 25, Dec 2016, Pages 402 - 408 (7)
Published by: Ignited Minds Journals
ABSTRACT
Wind turbine is a device that converts kinetic energy from the wind into electrical power. Among all the parts of wind turbine such as blades, hub, gear box, nacelle, and tower; nacelle and wind turbine blades are generally made up of glass fibres and carbon fibres for better strength, low weight, and corrosion resistance. The main limitations of these materials are the availability, non-biodegradable, health hazardous and their fabrication cost, hence the aim of this research is to replace these materials with natural fibers. In this research work, application of natural fibres reinforced polymer composites in wind turbine, requirements to the composites, their properties, constituents, manufacturing technologies, and defects will be reviewed; promising future directions of their developments also will be discussed.
KEYWORD
Mechanical Characterisation, Jute Fiber, Coir Fiber, Polymer Composites, Wind Turbine Blades, Natural Fibers, Glass Fibers, Carbon Fibers, Availability, Biodegradable
Jimcun zhu and Hhijin Zhu ―Recent Development of Flax and their reinforced composite based on different polymeric matrices‖ ISSN 1996-1994, 5171-5198, 2013. Girisha K G, Anil K C & Akash ―Mechanical Properties of Jute and Hemp Reinforced Epoxy/Polyester Hybrid Composites‖ ISSN(E): 2321-8843; ISSN(P): 2347-4599 Vol. 2, Issue 4, Apr 2014, 245-248 Olusegun David Samuel and Stephen ―AgboAssessing Mechanical Properties of Natural Fibre Reinforced Composites for Engineering Applications‖ Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, 2012, 11, 780-784 Bénard Q, Fois M, Grisel M. Roughness and fibre reinforcement effect onto wettability of composite surfaces. Appl Surf Sci 2007;253(10):4753–8. Sinha E, Panigrahi S. Effect of plasma treatment on structure, wettability of jute fiber and flexural strength of its composite. J Compos Mater 2009;43 (17):1791–802. Liu ZT, Sun C, Liu ZW, Lu J. Adjustable wettability of methyl methacrylate modified ramie fiber. J Appl Polym Sci 2008;109(5):2888–94. Ragoubi M, Bienaimé D, Molina S, George B, Merlin A. Impact of corona treated hemp fibres onto mechanical properties of polypropylene composites made thereof. Ind Crops Prod 2010;31(2):344–9. Gassan J, Gutowski VS. Effects of corona discharge and UV treatment on the properties of jute-fibre epoxy composites. Compos Sci Technol 2000;60 (15):2857–63. Seki Y, Sever K, Sarikanat M, Güleç HA, Tavman IH. The influence of oxygen plasma treatment of jute fibers on mechanical properties of jute fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites. In: 5th International advanced technologies symposium (IATS‘09), May 13–15, 2009, Karabük, Turkey; 2009. p. 1007–10. Cao Y, Sakamoto S, Goda K. Effects of heat and alkali treatments on mechanical properties of kenaf fibers. Presented at 16th international Rong MZ, Zhang MQ, Liu Y, Yang GC, Zeng HM. The effect of fiber treatment on the mechanical properties of unidirectional sisal-reinforced epoxy composites. Compos Sci Technol 2001;61(10):1437–47. Huber T, Biedermann U, Muessig J. Enhancing the fibre matrix adhesion of natural fibre reinforced polypropylene by electron radiation analyzed with the single fibre fragmentation test. Compos Interfaces 2010;17(4):371–81. Beg MDH, Pickering KL. Mechanical performance of Kraft fibre reinforced polypropylene composites: influence of fibre length, fibre beating and hygrothermal ageing. Composites Part A 2008;39(11):1748–55. Hull, D. and Clyne, T.W. 1996. An introduction to composite materials. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Bledzki, A. K., Reinhmane, S. and Gassan, J. 1998.Thermoplastics reinforced with wood fi llers. Polym Plast. Technol. Eng. 37:451-468. Chawla, K.K. 1987. Composite Materials. Science and Engineering. Springer-Verlag,Newyork. Andrew Cardien ― Fibre glass wind turbine blade Manufacturing‖, 2008 Colberg, M.; Sauerbier, M. Kunstst-Plast Europe Reinforced Plastics 1997, 41(11), 22. Suresh and Subba Raju ―Material for typical wind turbine blade‖ MCDM Chaina 2006, Kishor Debanth and Inderdeep Singh ―Naural Fibre reinforced polymer composites for wind turbine blade: Challenges and Opportunaties‖ 2013 Bledzki, A.K. and Gassan, J. 1999. Composites reinforced with cellulose based fi bers. Prog. Polym. Sci. 24:221-274. Marion, P., Andréas, R. and Marie, H.M. 2003. Study of wheat gluten plasticization with fatty ac-ids. Polym. 44:115-122. Mwaikambo, L.Y.and Ansell,M.P.2003. Hemp fiber reinforced cashew nut shell liquid composites. Maya Ja cob John,Rajesh D. Ana ndjiwa la, ―A rescent developments in chemical
4
fibre reinforced composites‖ Mehdi Tajvidi ―Static and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of a Kenaf Fiber–Wood Flour/Polypropylene Hybrid Composite‖, DOI 10.1002/app.22093. A. Shahzad, D.H. Isaac and S.M. Alston, ― Mechanical Properties of Natural Composites‖ Suardana, Yingjun Piao, Jae Kyoo Lim‖Mechanical properties of Hemp fibres and Hemp/PP Composites: Effects of chemical surface treatmnet. December 2010 H. Ku, H. Wang, N. Pattarachaiyakoop, M. Trada, ‖A review on tensile Properties of natural fibre reinforced polymer composites.‖ H.N. Dhakal, ―The low velocity impact response of non-woven hemp fibre reinforced unsaturated polyester composites.‖ P.J.Herrera-Franco,‖ Mechanical properties of continuous naturalfibre reinforced polymer composites.‖ Composites: Part A 35 (2004)339–345 Paul Wambua, ―Natural fibre: can they replace glass in fibre reinforced plastics?‖ Composites Science and Technology 63 (2003) 1259–1264 Aysegill and Biilent, ―General Assessment of fibre reinforce composite selection in wind turbine blades‖ Darshil U Shah, ―Can flax replace E-glass in structural composites? A Small Wind turbine blade case study‖ (2013) 172-18 Rowel, R.M., Sanadi, A.R., Caul fi eld, D.F. and Jacobson, R.E. 1997. Utilization of natural fibers in composites: problems and opportunities in ligno-cellulosic-plastic composites. Eds. Leao, A., Carv-alho, F.X. and Frollini, E., USP/UNESP Publishers, Sao Paulo. pp. 23-51. Hanselka, H., Herrmann, A.S. and Promper, E. 1995. Automobil-Leichtban durchden Einsatz Von (biologisch adbanbaren) Naturfaser-verbundwerk-stoffen, VDI Berichte Nr.1235 Maldas, D., Kokta, B.V. and Daneault, C. 1989. Composites of polyvinyl chloride-wood fibers. IV. Effect of the nature of fibers. J. Vinyl Technol. 11:90-99. hybrid reinforcement in PVC composites. J. Test. Eval. 2:68-72. Hedenberg, P. and Gatenholm, P. 1995. Conver-sion of plastic/cellulose waste into composites. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 56:641-651. Yam, K.L., Gogoi, B.K., Lai, C.C., and Selke, S.E. 1990. Composites from compounding wood fibers with recycled high density polyethylene.Polym. Eng. Sci. 30:693-699. Sain, M.M., Imbert, C. and Kokta, B.V. 1993. Composites of surface treated wood fiber and re-cycled polypropylene. Angew. Makromol. Chem. 210:33-46. Mallick, P.K. 1993. Fiber reinforced composites. Marcel Dekker, New York. Bledzki, A.K. and Gassan, J. 1999. Composites reinforced with cellulose based fibers. Prog. Polym. Sci. 24:221-274. Marion, P., Andréas, R. and Marie, H.M. 2003. Study of wheat gluten plasticization with fatty ac-ids. Polym. 44:115-122. Singh B, Gupta M, Verma A. Influence of fiber surface treatment on the properties of sisal-polyester composites. Polym Compos 1996;17(6):910–8. Beckermann GW, Pickering KL. Engineering and evaluation of hemp fibre reinforced polypropylene composites: fibre treatment and matrix modification. Composites Part A 2008;39(6):979–88. Kabir MM, Wang H, Lau KT, Cardona F. Chemical treatments on plant-based natural fibre reinforced polymer composites: an overview. Composites Part B 2012;43(7):2883–92.
Corresponding Author Mr. Ganesh R. Kalagi*
Department of Mechanical Engineering, SMVITM Bantakal Udupi, India
E-Mail – ganeshkalagi082@gmail.com