The use of electrical energy is exponentially increasing both in domestic and industrial sectors. The per capita consumption of Electrical Energy is taken now a day as an index of country‘s growth. Because of improper planning of power generation and depletion of conventional energy sources, the gap between the supply and the demand is continuously increasing. To manage this gap the usual method adopted by the state electricity boards is random load shedding which doesn‘t take the consumer‘s interest. This has created a renewed awareness about the economic advantage of energy conservation. Recently, the concept of energy audit and load management has emerged and is being applied throughout the world [1]. The fundamental concept of Energy audit and Load management is to bring both supplier and consumer together across the table and discuss the use of available electrical energy for maximum benefit and minimum inconvenience and loss for both. Thus a time has come to utilize the available energy efficiently, optimally for the mutual benefits of consumer and supplier [2]. This paper deals with design of street lighting plan and its implementation to professional institution for optimum energy saving. The design of street lighting scheme includes campus survey, selection of street lighting poles, cross arms and fittings as per manufacturer guidelines for proper illumination and energy efficiency. The optimum energy saving can be achieved by installing high power LED fittings. Optimum energy saving will help to increase the reliability of the electric supply and reduce the electricity charges per month.

The Hirasugar Institute of Technology has been started by Shri Jagadguru Panchama Nijalingeshwar (SJPN) Trust, Nidasoshi in the year 1996 with the sole motto of imparting technical education to the rural masses of this region. Shri Jagadguru Panchama Nijalingeshwar Mahaswamiji was the 9th seer of Shri Siddha Sounsthan Math, Nidasoshi that is famous for its religious bearing in the northern parts of Karnataka and southern parts of Maharashtra. It has Glorious history of about 300 years. The Institution is situated in a quiet, calm and pollution free rural setting, which enjoys a salubrious climate throughout the year. The Institution has its campus spread over 48 acres of land with spacious infrastructure. The existence and functioning style of the institution emulates a gurukul system. The institution is affiliated to Visvesaraya Technological University (VTU), Belgaum, Karnataka and recognized by All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), New Delhi.

Prof. Shivanand. D. Hirekodi1*, Prof. B. R. Umarane2 6

Effective energy-efficient street lighting design integrates efficient lamp technologies, optimum pole height and placement, efficient light distribution, and aesthetics while using the least energy and meeting requirements for visibility and appropriate light levels The conceptual flow diagram to design street lighting plan and its implementation is shown in Fig.1

The design of street lighting scheme include the following steps A. Campus Survey B. Street Lighting Plan C. Selection of Poles with Arms D. Selection of Under Ground Cable E. Selection of Energy Efficient Long Life Lamps F. Selection of Control Panel Location G. Total Estimation of Street Lighting Scheme H. Execution of designed street lighting plan A. Campus Survey In design of efficient street lighting scheme and its implementation, the first step is to do campus survey campus street lighting, location of control panel, and further estimation of cost of poles and to prepare street lighting plan. B. Street Lighting Plan The second step in design of efficient street lighting scheme and its implementation is to prepare the street lighting plan. The detail street lighting plan is prepared after campus survey of the institution. The layout of street lighting plan of Hirasugar Institute of Technology is shown in Fig.2. C. Selection of Poles with Arms The various types of poles are generally used for street lighting such as M.S. swaged tubular, RCC, PSC and GI poles. The highly durable GI hexagonal poles and cross arms are selected. This has helped to estimate the cost of poles and arms. The table I shows the cost comparison of different types of poles and arms.

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The total length of cable required for street lighting of campus is 850 mtrs.The Suitable size of underground cable for cabling the street lighting is used to keep voltage drop within 6% of normal supply voltage .The polycab make, 4 core , 16mm2,1.1 KV class aluminum armored cable is used. E. Selection of Energy Efficient Long Life Lamps The most important element of the illumination system is the light source. It is the principal determinant of the visual quality, cost, and energy efficiency aspects of the illumination system [3]. Street lighting installations normally use one of three types of high intensity discharge (HID) lamps: high pressure sodium vapor (HPSV), metal halide (MH), or mercury vapor (MV). HPSVs produce a yellowish light, have a long life, are very energy-efficient, and have good lumen maintenance (maintain light output for a long period of time), but have poor color rendering properties. MH lamps are the most frequently used alternative to HPSV in new installations. They are also quite efficient and provide much better color rendering. However, these lamps tend to have a shorter lamp life (some models below 10,000 hours) and poor lumen maintenance over the life of the lamp. Recent developments have shown improvements in these areas, but the improved lamps are presently limited in supply and higher in cost. MV lamps are the least efficient of the HID types and have poor lumen maintenance. Light-emitting diode (LED) technology is a fast-evolving technology with significant energy-saving potential. Operating for an average of 10 hours per day, LEDs have a life span of up to 13 years, and provide a pleasant spectrum of light .The lifetime and performance depends on quality of the LED, system design, operating environment, and other factors such as the lumen depreciation factor over a period of time. Although the upfront cost of the LED is more than the cost of most HID lamps, the energy consumed by the LED is half of the lamp‘s energy (or less) and LEDs last longer than conventional lamps, resulting in significant savings. The LED fixture does not require ballast or a capacitor; instead it converts the supply voltage to low voltage direct current, using a small electronic power supply. The types of lamps commonly used for street lighting are listed in Table II with brief descriptions[4].

The Selection of Energy Efficient Long Life Lamps is carried out by comparing the illumination levels of generally used light fittings for street lighting, their cost and durability. The energy efficient, Alpha Lite make high-power LED light fittings have been selected for the street lighting of college campus. Table II indicates the details of different types of light fittings generally used for street lighting. Table III indicates the cost analysis of standard make commonly used street light fittings.

F. Selection of Location of Control Panel and its operation The selection of suitable location of control panel is very important for proper operation and ease maintenance of street lighting. From survey report, proper location of control panel is fixed. The M.S. fabricated and powder coated street light control panel houses two numbers of automatic ON/OFF Timers, 63Amps MCBs, 63 Amps fuse cut-outs, 100 Amps NO/NC contractors and two energy meters for energy auditing. The entire street lighting scheme of campus is monitored controlled in two schedules. The

Prof. Shivanand. D. Hirekodi1*, Prof. B. R. Umarane2 6

G. Total Cost of Estimation of Street Lighting After proper selection of pole with arms, underground cable, energy efficient long life lamps and location of control panel, total cost of street lighting of campus is estimated. The table IV shows the details of GI poles, cross arms, light fittings, cables and control panels used for installation and commissioning of street lighting scheme for college campus.

H. Execution of designed street lighting plan After total estimation of street lighting, with the approval of management authorities, execution of the designed efficient street lighting plan is carried out for optimum energy saving. Table V. shows energy cost comparison of 250W, 70 nos. sodium vapour lamp and 36/48w led fittings for 10hrs. consumption per day. Table VI. gives the summary of net saving in energy cost due to installation of high power LED fittings for street lighting in the campus. Fig.3-6 shows the actual implementation of street lighting project in college campus.

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IV. CONCLUSION

This paper deals with design of street lighting plan and its implementation to professional technical institution for optimum energy saving. By proper survey, planning, selection of street lighting plan by comparison of different plans as per manufacturer guidelines for proper illumination and energy efficient long life lamps by comparing different energy efficient long life lamps from different manufacturers, efficient energy saving is achieved. Optimum energy saving which will help to increase the reliability of the electric supply & considerable amount of savings in electricity charges. The designed efficient street lighting plan suggested for professional technical institution and is implemented.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Authors wish to thank the authorities of S.J.P.N. Trust‘s Hirasugar Institute of Technology, Nidasoshi-591236, Karnataka, India for taking up green campus initiative and providing the necessary financial assistance to carry out this work.

REFERENCES

Prof. Shekhappa G. Ankaliki, (2010). “Energy Conservative Measures by Energy Audit and Load Management” International eJournal of Mathematics and Engineering 96, 895 - 902. ISSN 0976 – 1411 Prof. Gopinath S. (2001). “Energy Audit Principles, Scope and Methodologies” Workshop on Renewable Energy Sources and Energy Audit at PSTI, Bangalore from pp. 1-4. World Bank (2009). Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP). Energy Efficient Cities Initiative. Good Practices in City Energy Efficiency: Akola Municipal Corporation, India - Performance Contracting for Street Lighting Energy Efficiency. Washington DC, USA. USAID ECO-III. (2010). Guidelines Energy Efficient Street Lighting. BEE.

Assistant Professor& Maintenance Engineer, Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Hirasugar Institute of Technology, Nidasoshi, Karnataka, India