Perception of Shopkeepers, Residents and Visitors on Mixed Land use in core area of Pune

INTRODUCTION

Mixed land use has multiple advantages, but the most important advantage is the human interaction and multiple activities together in a single land use. It creates better living environment and useful surrounding. The term ‗mixed use‘ is a mixture of different building typologies together on one site. For example, there can be mixture of retail shops with homes and offices, restaurants with banks and many more. In indian context, having large population and less land, this mix use concept can be the great solution for many problems. Pune has a core city area rich in heritage, architecture and important in history. The whole core city has very dense housing. It is important to understand their problems, their social and housing demands. The Peth areas in the core of Pune city are highly populated area having commercial shops, banks, parks, and residential properties. Having this large amalgamation of typologies, it is important to study their advantages and disadvantages for achieving more convenient and beneficial society to live in. This research paper is an attempt to identify the pros and cons of mixed-use developments in Rasta Peth and challenges faced by the users in these areas considering the nature of development in this area. The study focuses on challenges with regards to crowding, walkability, and access to various places for users.

LITERATURE REVIEW

• ‗The concept of mixed use is one of the oldest in human history from the ancient towns of Greece, China and India to the present mix of land uses that continue today in major cities of London, Tokyo, Paris & Beijing.‘

• The medieval towns in India which were planned based on caste & occupation, also consisted of self- sufficient neighbourhood.

 Mixed use occurs in different patterns. The basic four types are: (1) within districts or neighbourhoods (2) within the street and other public spaces (3) within building or building is found more prominent. These vertical mixed-use developments are characterized by the 'stacking' of uses.

• In development plan of pune (2007-2017), there is no separate zone for mixed land use. However, mixing of land use is permissible in most of the areas under certain limit of electric power, road width, etc.

There are many studies which are conducted on basis of mixed and use of foreign countries but there is a gap with indian and western typology.

METHODS AND METHODOLOGY

Rasta Peth is a large part of core area. It is one of the oldest areas having large number of old and new buildings. People from Rasta Peth has been living there since long period and they also have seen the development of the Peth. Also, the Peth area has great number of mixed land user and different combinations of land uses like residentials, retail stores, restaurants, grocery stores and banks. Study of existing land use and carried out for understanding the neighbourhood and its need. The mapping of Rasta Peth includes the details of how much area is use as mix land and what are the combinations of building typology present in that area. Main objective of the paper is to understand the perspective of the people who belongs to this Peth. For this purpose, three questionnaire is prepared for shopkeepers, residential people, and the visitor of Rasta Peth. This form was filled out by people by taking interviews of each individual. Also, there will be a visual survey of the activities going on in that area. Surveys were conducted by random sampling method in which the samples will be retail shopkeepers, owners of residential properties, and people who visit Rasta Peth regularly. It is important to understand and identify the problems and benefits they get by living in the Peth area.

RESULTS

This is the brief mapping of Rasta Peth and marked the mixed land use area and purely residential blocks in this location of study area, details of road network, and areas.

Figure 3. Land use map Rasta Peth is very diverse in terms of land use. Every part is occupied with some kind of store, temporary shops or some residential use. Various shops, very wide range of people and very diverse visitors use this place in various manners. As observed in the map (fig. 3) almost 80% of the total build up area is used as mixed land use in which there are tons of different shops like clothing, restaurant, footwear, hardware, electrical, dry cleaners, clinics, salons, offices, stationary, grocery and many more Three questionnaires were developed to investigate perception of retailers, residential people and visitors regarding the mixed-use development they are living in. These surveys were designed to obtain user perception on strength and weakness of mixed land use, parking problems, noise issues, etc. The surveys were conducted by going on site and taking interviews of individual. The response format was a 5-point rating scale, from strongly agree to strongly disagree, used to measure respondent perception of the mixed land use development. Population and sample The population of this case study is the core area of Pune city and sample consist of randomly selected shopkeepers, residential people, and visitors.

DATA COLLECTION

Data for this study were obtained through the questionnaire survey using schedule. Survey of 34 shopkeepers, 52 residential people and 57 visitors were carried out. Survey form of 30 shopkeepers, 50 residential people and 50 visitors were taken for further analysis. Retailers responses Examining the characteristic of 30 shopkeepers, they reported carrying the following in their store: clothing (18%), food (18%), grocery (18%), hardware (11%), tailoring (7%), grocery (7%), electrical (7%), stationary (7%) and bike repairing (7%). In the next session of survey, participants were asked to rate their level of agreement or disagreement with statements about the mixed-use development and their advantages and disadvantages.

Table 2 – Residential People’s Perception On Mixed Land Use

DISCUSSION

The main objective of this paper is to understand the user perspective in terms of mixed land use development. From the collected data, it is easy to understand how people thinks and what are the problems people can face in this development. Rasta Peth is a planned area of the city in grid iron method. It was developed as per the need of the people who live there. 5-point Likert scale is used for more understanding of user perception. For reviewing the data, I mixed up the responses of agree and strongly agree as ‗agree‘ and disagree and strongly disagree as ‗disagree‘. Shopkeepers agrees that they have more customers in this mix typology. When asked about the cleanliness of street, 73.33% shopkeepers think that the streets are dirty and unclean while others think that streets are clean enough for use. 70 % people agrees for having positive impact of residential properties around the store while other 30 % disagree on that. 80 % people said that they have more coustomers from local area and 93.4 % people claim to have very repeated coustomers. When asked about noise problems, 56.6 % people said that they don‘t have much problem with voice and other 43.4 % said to have noise issues and 6.6% people have neutral reaction. The next survey was aksed to residential people. 72% respondant thinks that shops and the vendors are the main reason for unclean paths. When asked about noise problems, 92% residence face noise problem due to traffic and chaos and 8% did not face this problem. 68% people think that they got all necessary things in the area itself while 32% thinks that they did not get all the necessary things this area. When asked about vendors and tapris, 96 % people agrees that they cause lot of traffic and chaos in the area and only 4% disagree on this. The last survey was asked to the random people who were present at the time of visit for some kind of work in Rasta Peth. 46% people came to this area by using 2-wheeler, out of which 51.5% people parked their vehicles on street side parking and 48.5 parked in private parking. 22% people came here by car, thinks that there is no cleanliness in the area and 26% thinks that area is clean.

CONCLUSION

This study examines the perspective of the people who live in Rasta Peth. There are various problems like parking, noise issues, uncleanliness, narrow streets, and chaotic roads. The descriptive study indicated that user wants shops in this area for convenient shopping. There is different perspective of people on one problem. Noise pollution is a big problem and inconvenience for residential people but at the same time shopkeepers don‘t mind having noise around them. The parking is one the important issue to solve in such mixed land use. People come and visit this place very regularly by 2-wheeler, so they need more parking for the vehicles. The vendors and semipermanent shops are a main reason for chaos. Also, the cleanliness is one of the big problems in Rasta Peth. The buildings which are converted from residential into commercial/institutional purpose cause more problems as they are not designed for such uses. These buildings cause more problems like parking, encroachment, cleanliness and creates obnoxious environment. It is observed that, property owners get more benefit by such kind of transformation in buildings but residents face problems due to frequent visitors, parking, noise, etc. So, there are lot of problems now, but they can be resolved. The research concludes that, to acquire all the benefits due to mixed land use, the area should be well designed and well organised in terms of building typology, kind of use, infrastructure and user need.

REFERENCES

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Student, Dr. B. N. College of Architecture, Karve Nagar, Pune, India