Evaluation of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation Purpose in Bhiwani District, Haryana

Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Sustainable Irrigation in Bhiwani District, Haryana

Abstract

Groundwater is major source of irrigation in Bhiwani district because of low rainfall and poor canal system. The quality of groundwater is deteriorating continuously throughout India. So, for the sustenance of agriculture in the region, groundwater was assessed for its suitability for irrigation purpose. The groundwater samples collected from various sites of district were analyzed for various physico-chemical parameters viz hydrogen ions concentration, electrical conductivity, carbonates, bi-carbonates, chlorides, fluorides, nitrates, sulphates, phosphates, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium ions etc. Concentration of sodium has been found above exceeding limits in 50 of samples followed by concentrations of magnesium (28), calcium and chlorides (6). On the bases of electrical conductivity, sodium adsorption ratio and residual sodium carbonate estimation 22, 11 and 28 percent samples were found under high or very high categories unsuitable for irrigation in the district. Results of present study indicate that quality of groundwater is deteriorating in the district and recommend immediate measures to prevent its further deterioration.