Impact of Solar and Interplanetary Dynamics on Geomagnetic Activity

Abstract

Assessing Earth's geomagnetic variability requires knowledge of the observed variability in solar and interplanetary interactions. Solar wind, solar flares, and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are all products of the sun's magnetic field and charged particle emissions, which are the principal causes of space weather. The interplanetary magnetic fields (IMF) and "the Earth's magnetosphere" are both created by these same processes. The impact of variations in solar and interplanetary factors on the geomagnetic parameters Dst, Kp, and AE were investigated in this study. The parameters in question were solar wind velocity, CME speed, plasma density, and Bz's south geomagnetic pole (IMF). Timeseries and statical studies were performed to explore the relationships between geomagnetic and solar activity during distinct solar cycles, including research from NOAA, NASA, and the World Data Center for Geomagnetism. According to the data, geomagnetic storms that occur during the soth IMF orientation phases coincide with periods of very strong solar winds. Another indicator of spatial analysis is geomagnetic patterns and variations of certain intersolar cycle periods. With the use of solar and interplanetary connection dynamics monitoring, we can establish a stronger geomagnetic effect on geomagnetic variability. We can enhance our forecasting systems and better protect satellites, navigation systems, and power systems on the ground from extreme space weather thanks to this work, which teaches us more about the Sun-Earth relationship.