A Study on Mutation Breeding for Crop Improvement

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Published: Mar 1, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29070/3yznvz13
Keywords:
Mutation, Crop, improvement, agriculture

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Authors

Saanvi Kapila

Student, Class 11th, Welham Girls Schooel, Dehradun, Uttrakhand

Abstract

Despite the tremendous changes happening in the world of agriculture, food insecurity is still an issue. To meet the 70% increase in food consumption by 2050 predicted by the global population, it is essential to improve crop varieties in order to make them more resistant to climate change, efficient with inputs, provide more nutrient-dense food, and operate better in different agro-ecosystems without negatively impacting the environment. A total of 3,362 mutant plant kinds have been published from more than 75 different nations as a result of the very popular breeding method known as mutation breeding, sometimes known as induced mutation. Genetic diversity in crops has been enhanced by the application of physical, chemical, and hybrid mutagens. Of these, 82 are indigenous to Africa and 959 are native to Asia, the Pacific, Australia, Europe, Latin America, and North America. Other notable crop types that have resulted from mutation breeding and forced mutation include 1602 cereals, 501 legumes, and 86 oil seed mutant. Raising agricultural productivity and ending global hunger, this method improves quantitative and qualitative characteristics across a wide range of crops. Developments in biotechnology, genetics, and plant breeding have enabled this improvement.

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Issue

Vol. 21 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Advances in Science and Technology (JAST)

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