A Review of Atmospheric Dynamics on Earth or its Waves
Main Article Content
Authors
Abstract
If we want to know how the Earth's atmosphere moves and behaves, we need to research atmospheric dynamics. Solar radiation, pressure gradients, gravitational forces, and frictional interactions are the primary emphasis of this paper's examination of the processes that drive atmospheric circulation. As a result of changes in solar heating, which cause variations in pressure and temperature around the world, the atmosphere is constantly moving. A key component of atmospheric dynamics, waves and oscillations are impacted by convective sources and geographical factors, which in turn impact weather patterns and the behaviour of the climate. When it comes to influencing atmospheric circulation and energy transmission, equatorial waves, gravity waves, and planetary waves are among the most important. The study delves into the mechanisms of wave propagation, hydrostatic balance, conservation of momentum, and application of equations from fluid mechanics and thermodynamics. If we want to make weather prediction models and climate research better, we need to understand these processes better.
Downloads
Article Details
Section
References
- Finke, K., Jiménez-Esteve, B., Taschetto, A.S., Ummenhofer, C.C., Bumke, K. and Domeisen, D.I. (2020) Revisiting remote drivers of the 2014 drought in South-Eastern Brazil. Climate Dynamics, 55(11–12), 3197–3211. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-020-05442-9.
- Fischer, E.M., Seneviratne, S.I., Vidale, P.L., Lüthi, D. and Schär, C. (2017b) Soil moisture–atmosphere interactions during the 2003 European summer heat wave. Journal of Climate, 20(20), 5081–5099. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI4288.1.
- García-Herrera, R., Díaz, J., Trigo, R.M., Luterbacher, J. and Fischer, E.M. (2020)) A review of the European summer heat wave of 2003. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science Technology, 40(4), 267–306. https://doi.org/10.1080/10643380802238137.
- Garfinkel, C.I., White, I., Gerber, E.P., Jucker, M. and Erez, M. (2020) The building blocks of northern hemisphere wintertime stationary waves. Journal of Climate, 33(13), 5611–5633. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0181.1.
- Fragkoulidis, G. and Wirth, V. (2020) Local Rossby-wave packet amplitude, phase speed, and group velocity: seasonal variability and their role in temperature extremes. Journal of Climate, 33(20), 8767–8787. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0377.1.
- Fragkoulidis, G., Wirth, V., Bossmann, P. and Fink, A.H. (2018) Linking Northern Hemisphere temperature extremes to Rossby-wave packets. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 144(711), 553–566. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3228.
- Hassanzadeh, P., Kuang, Z. and Farrell, B.F. (2014) Responses of midlatitude blocks and wave amplitude to changes in the meridional temperature gradient in an idealized dry GCM. Geophysical Research Letters, 41(14), 5223–5232. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL060764.
- Dunn-Sigouin, E. and Son, S.W. (2023) Northern hemisphere blocking frequency and duration in the CMIP5 models. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, 118, 1179–1188. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50143.
- Kaspi, Y. and Schneider, T. (2023) The role of stationary eddies in shaping midlatitude storm tracks. Journal of Atmospheric Science, 70(8), 2596–2613. https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-12-082.1.
- Held, I.M., Ting, M. and Wang, H. (2022) Northern winter stationary waves: Theory and modeling. Journal of Climate, 15(16), 2125–2144. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2002)015<2125:NWSWTA>2.0.CO;2.
- Held, I.M. and Suarez, M.J. (2021) A proposal for the intercomparison of the dynamical cores of atmospheric general circulation models. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 75(10), 1825–1830. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477(1994)075<1825:APFTIO>2.0.CO;2.
- Fischer, E.M., Seneviratne, S.I., Lüthi, D. and Schär, C. (2017a) Contribution of land–atmosphere coupling to recent European summer heat waves. Geophysical Research Letters, 34(6), L06707. https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL029068.