To Evaluate their Distributional Details, Together with their Habitat, Associated Vegetation, Flowering/ Fruiting period and Possible Threats to their Natural Populations

Abstract

The majority of orchid species display their blossoms throughout the summer, with some species blooming earlier at lower altitudes and others blooming later at higher ones. In most instances, the fruit set was between 60% and 90%. modest seeds with a relatively modest amount of air space within them (11.122-34.052%) were often generated by species with a greater fruit set (>90%).. The soil pH ranged from 6.20 to 7.80, and the species varied in their favored growing conditions as it pertained to C, N, P, and K. The organic carbon (%) concentration in soils varied significantly across many species, with values as low as 0.462±0.013 for Spiranthes sinensis and as high as 6.422±0.010 for Oreorchis indica. Comparing Habenaria stenopetala to Oreorchis indica, the nitrogen quantity (Kg/ha) varied between 311.626±1.135 and 941.252±0.947. Typically, orchids like soils that have a low phosphorus concentration, and it is believed that the mycorrhizal partner satisfies this need. In the case of Dithrix griffithii, it was the lowest at 8.762±0.433 and the highest in Oreorchis micrantha, at 64.638±0.449. The soil potassium concentrations varied significantly, with Habenaria stenopetala having a range of 161.552±3.588 and Platanthera edgeworthii having a range of 656.532±1.073. The three polymorphic species (Crepidium acuminatum, Herminium lanceum, and Satyrium nepalense) showed a low level of genetic diversity across distinct morphotypes, with (P) values of 15.1%, 13.2%, and 11.4% respectively. Each locus (A) had an average of 1.15, 1.32, and 1.14 alleles.