Effect of Dielectric Fluid in EDM: A Review: Exploring the Effects of Dielectric Fluid on EDM

Abstract

Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is widely used non-traditional process for the production of miniaturized products with high precision and accuracy. In this process material removal takes place by thermal erosion between workpiece and electrode both of which are dipped in dielectric fluid. Initially, high voltage is applied, when current pass through circuit, about 8000-10000 0C temperature is created causing to melt and vaporize the area of workpiece. In electrical discharge machining (EDM), the working fluid plays an important role affecting the different response variables such a material removal rate, surface finish, etc. The machining characteristics are greatly influenced by dielectric fluid used in EDM. Health, safety and environment are important factors, especially when hydrocarbon based dielectric fluids are used. Due to release of toxic emission products cause environmental impact, operator health issues due to release of toxic fumes, vapours and aerosols during the process, also fire hazards and electromagnetic radiations are harmful. Non-biodegradable wastes are generated. To rectify these problems, replacement of dielectric fluid is main concerns in EDM research. This paper presents literature review of different dielectric fluids used and their effects on different response variables and characteristics of machining. This paper suggests that vegetable oil may be an alternative.