Antimicrobial Resistance and Antibiotics use in Livestock Contribution to Pollution: A Case study of India

Abstract

The mortality and economic costs associated with antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are still amajor concern. Several countries' health agencies, including India's, have devised plans to stop the spreadof the disease. Humans, animals, food, and the environment must all be considered in the fight againstAMR. The many components of the Indian take on the One Health movement are covered in thiscomprehensive examination. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major problem that threatens animal andhuman health, food safety, ecosystems, and the long-term viability of animal protein production, all ofwhich are negatively impacted by the widespread use of antibiotics in animal feed. Consequences of theintense and widespread usage of antibiotics in cattle production are discussed. Resistant organisms ortheir genes have also been found in the environment, particularly in water sources. Two major factorscontributing to antimicrobial resistance in India are the improper usage of these drugs and inadequateway in which waste water is handled. While there is information available for other nations, India ismissing information about the factors that contribute to AMR, such as the use of sludge in agriculture,the inappropriate dispose of livestock animals, and the aquaculture business. While the Indian healthauthorities have begun taking steps to combat AMR, these efforts are in their infancy. In this review, wefocus on how the creation of antibiotic alternatives in the post-antibiotic age can help ameliorate AMRissues. Here, we focus on how the creation of antibiotic alternatives in the post-antibiotic age can helpameliorate AMR issues. The future is suggested with the difficulties that India faces in mind.