Wastewater Treatment Using Constructed Wetland

Abstract

Municipal wastewater, wastewater from petroleum refineries, agricultural drainage, acid minedrainage, etc. have all benefited from the use of constructed wetlands (CW), an ecologically benignmethod for purging pollutants from wastewater. The science of microbiology has expanded at anastounding rate during the last decade. Focusing on developments in the previous three decades, thispaper provides a comprehensive assessment of important facets of CW, including its many forms, thecontaminants their removal mechanisms, degradation routes, difficulties, possibilities, materials,applications, and theory. Key unresolved issues in CW have also been framed in an effort to both foreseeand enable future progress in the area of CW. The rapidly expanding CW sector will benefit from theseguidelines, which have been created via the standardization of essential design components. In anattempt to standardize the rapidly expanding CW community, this study summarizes the present state ofthe art of CW technology assessment and offers definitions performance metric terminology.