Evaluation of Anticancer Potential of Some Herbal Formulations

Abstract

India, sometimes referred to as the "Botanical Garden of the World," is the leading producer of medicinal plants worldwide. Medical plants provide basic materials for survival as well as natural treatments for a wide range of ailments. Two separate anticancer plant components, the fruit of Morinda citrifolia and the fruit of Opuntia elatior, were collected for the current investigation (bark and leaves of Simarouba glauca). The aforementioned plants' extracts were gathered. On the basis of DPPH and FRAP activity, the different approaches, such as bioactive compound analysis and antioxidant potential determination, were used. MTT analysis and Flow Cytometry Analysis were done to calculate anticancer activity. The study came to the conclusion that Opuntia elatior fruit extract mostly exhibits alkaloids, flavonoids, amino acids, and plant hormones among the various bioactive substances revealed by LC-MS/MS analysis. The Opuntia elatior fruit extract was subjected to a GC-MS/MS mass spectral analysis, which revealed a number of volatile bioactive compounds, including Neophytadiene, which has been reported to have anticancer and antioxidant potential, 9,12-Octadecadienoyl chloride, (Z, Z)-, Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester. The number of cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle decreased and the number of cells in the G0/G1 phase increased in the cells treated with the Morinda citrifolia Leaf extract (MC1) as compared to the untreated reference. The plant alcohol extract of Opuntia elatior, Morinda citrifolia, and Simarouba glauca has potent anti-tumor activity, according to both the in vivo MTT assay and the flow cytometry research. Therefore, these plants have potent anti-cancer properties and can also stop cells in their tracks at specific cell cycle phases.