Review on Game Theory Based Spectrum Management in Cognitive Radio-WSN Applications: Addressing Spectrum Scarcity and Efficiency in Cognitive Radio-WSN Applications

Abstract

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a powerful technology for disaster recovery, environmental monitoring, remote surveillance, non-destructive testing of buildings, military communication, and industrial automation. Radio spectrum is getting limited as wireless communication devices become more prevalent. The existing static spectrum management leads to poor spatial and temporal spectrum utilisation. The auction process is thought to be one of the most effective strategies to alleviate radio spectrum scarcity. However, building a workable spectrum auction system requires consideration of five important issues rational user strategy, channel heterogeneity, reusability, and societal utility maximisation. Cognitive Radio Network (CRN) provides for opportunistic usage of licenced spectrum bands, provided that the licenced users' activities are not impacted. Due to their coupled observations, CR-based WSN nodes function independently of each other. They may detect a void in the spectrum. The CR-WSN must thus spread the available spectrum equitably and efficiently among the sensor nodes. CR-WSN also provides significant issues owing to its dispersed multihop design, changing network topology, and various QoS needs. CR-WSNs with low overhead and energy consumption have a difficult time using spectrum. To increase spectrum usage and accommodate unlicensed users, it was proposed that unlicensed devicesusers be allowed to broadcast in the licenced band. In this research, we review the literature on spectrum management in WSN and discuss its shortcomings. Our latest work on heterogeneous spectrum management is also presented. We model spectrum allocation as a combinatorial auction.